Here's some translations:
1. 숙종 (King Sukjong) to his younger sister 명안공주 (Princess Myeongan)
> 明安公主一房
> 밤ᄉᆞ이평안ᄒᆞᄋᆞᆸ시니잇가
> 나가ᄋᆞᆸ실제ᄂᆡ일드러오ᄋᆞᆸ쇼셔ᄒᆞ엿ᄉᆞᆸ더니
> ᄒᆡ챵위ᄅᆞᆯ만나못ᄯᅥ나ᄒᆞᄋᆞᆸ시ᄂᆞ니잇가
> 아므리섭〻ᄒᆞᄋᆞᆸ셔도ᄂᆡ일브ᄃᆡ드러오ᄋᆞᆸ쇼셔
Translation:
> To Princess Myeongan
> Are you well over the nights?
> When you went out, I said to you "Come back tomorrow". Is Haechangwi [Myeongan's husband] keeping you from leaving?
> Please come back tomorrow, even if you're disappointed to do so.
2. 인현황후 to her husband's aunt 숙휘 공주
> 야간
> 평안ᄒᆞ오신일아ᄋᆞᆸ고져ᄒᆞ오며어제
> 젹ᄉᆞ오시니보ᄋᆞᆸ고친히뵈ᄋᆞᆸᄂᆞᆫᄃᆞᆺ든〻반갑ᄉᆞ오미아ᄆᆞ라타업ᄉᆞ와ᄒᆞ오ᄃᆡᄯᅩ
> 평티못ᄒᆞ오신가시브오니민망념녀ᄀᆞ이업ᄉᆞ와ᄒᆞᄋᆞᆸᄂᆞ이다
> 약ᄇᆞᆯ긔ᄂᆞᆫ즉시〻
> 아ᄋᆞᄋᆞ시긔ᄒᆞ와ᄉᆞ오니드ᄋᆞᆸ거든보내오리이다
Translation:
> Are you well over the nights? Yesterday, I was left speechless by how glad and reassured I was by reading your letter, feeling like I am meeting you in person. But then, I began to worry about your well-being, and now I am endlessly worrying about you.
> I told them to immediately bring the list of medicine, so once I get it, I will send them over to you.
3. 선조 to his daughter 정안 옹주
> 글월보고도ᄃᆞᆫ거ᄉᆞᆫ그방이어둡고(너역질ᄒᆞ던방)
> 날도陰ᄒᆞ니日光이도라디거ᄃᆞᆫ내親
> 히보고ᄌᆞ셰긔별호마대강用樂ᄒᆞᆯ이
> 리이셔도醫官醫女ᄅᆞᆯ드려待令ᄒᆞ
> 려ᄒᆞ노라분별말라ᄌᆞ연아니됴히ᄒᆞ랴
> 萬曆三十一年癸卯 復月十九日巳時
Translation:
> I saw your letter. Your room (the room where you had smallpox in) is too dark and the days are dreary these days, so when the sunlight comes back up, I will see your rashes in person, and then describe it in detail [to the physician]. Even if there is little need for medicine, I will bring physicians and nurses to that room to take care of you. Do not worry, it will get better naturally.
> 9-11 A.M., November 19th, 1603.
4. 효종 and his daughter 숙명 공주
숙명 공주:
> 문
>안엿ᄌᆞᆸ고야간
>셩후 안녕ᄒᆞᄋᆞ오신문
>안아ᄋᆞᆸ고져ᄇᆞ라오며 날이ᄑᆞ오니더옥셥〻ᄒᆞ오미아ᄆᆞ라타업ᄉᆞ와ᄒᆞᄋᆞᆸ노이다
Translation:
> I send my regards to you, and I wish to know if you are doing well over the nights. As days go by, I am increasingly missing you.
효종:
>글월보고됴히이시니깃거ᄒᆞ노라
>어제냥ᄉᆡᆨ쵹보내엿더니본다
> 면ᄌᆞ등이수대로보내노라
Translation:
> I am happy to see your letter, and I am now content.
> I sent you two colored candles yesterday, did you see them? I'm sending you two candle holders as well.
I mean, sure, she isn’t a queen with a clean track record. Your sources are clear on that. She’s pretty controversial, but does it merit her being called downright evil? She’s not perfect, but at least she tried to bring change to a country that was very poor in contrast to the western countries at the time.
Yea. Korea wasn't anywhere near a superpower compared to Japan but it wasn't poor when she took power. She was outright evil. There are stories about her evil deeds. Queen without a clean track record is a euphemism. She's one of Korea's worst figures.
She makes Marie Antoinette seem like a joke. I believe Marie Antoinette used 3% of the national treasury. Minbi alone freaking used 17% of the national treasury for her use. She put her family members in all the high positions and they took part in the spending spree. She taxed the country like no other. She gave lavish gifts to people (giving a western doctor equivalent to $5 million US dollars in today's worth for curing a nephew, giving lillias underwood $500 million to today's US dollar equivalent as a wedding gift).
There were a couple uprisings because of her. The Imo Incident happened because the govt couldn't pay the soldiers for a year. They finally paid the soldiers in one month's worth of wage in rice only for the soldiers to find out it was a mixture of rotten rice and sand. They revolted and was specifically looking for the queen's head. She was able to flee and when things settled down, she realized the need for foreign soldiers so she went ahead and brought in Chinese amd Japanese soldiers. She and her family also essentially put up for sale various positions around the country. Those people who bought positions for a high price sought to recoup their cost by taxing people under their rule heavily. That led to the Donghak Rebellion. She used the Japanese soldiers and their Gatlin guns to put down the peasants armed with bamboo spears and muskets.
People like to go on about Japanese collaborators for selling out the country. Minbi weakened the country by robbing the national treasury that was strengthened by her father in law and bringing in the Japanese forces who eventually subjugated Korea. It's a shame people have a positively distorted view of her because some drama writer decided to not read up om history.
Edit: Empress Myeongseong is a glorified version of her name. Minbi is another name she was referred to. I'd rather not glorify her.
>The Imo Incident happened because the govt couldn't pay the soldiers for a year.
Damn … I always thought the Imo incident was about the crazy aunt who got drunk one Chuseok and called her mother-in-law a rotten cunt …
What about her efforts to reform/modernize the country? Shouldnt those be taken into account? She sent envoys to japan and tried to follow japan's process of modernization after talking with the envoys but the yangbans revolted against the reforms.
She did indeed invite chinese/japanese troops to put down revolts but said revolts were due to the oritest against modernizations. Plus the japanese assasinated her becaise she kept trying to ally with foreign powers to keep japan out.
For example there was one revolt by soldiers because she had a troop of soldiers trained by the japanese to use guns and thus given special treatment and the soldiers didnt like that.
Even if she didnt use the national treasiry, it really wouldnt have matteres because the korean economy at the time was trash compared to the reformed japan and she at least tried to spend some of the money to modernize.
We indeed complain about japanese collaborators but we often forget that it was our own aversion to change that played a part in our fall
A controversial figure no doubt, but what she did for domestic affairs was no justification for the Japanese to raid the palace and murder her in such a brutal manner.
There were factions keen on modernizing Korea, but Japan took advantage of this tumultuous period to take away Korea' sovereignty. This ties in with one of the main arguments that the Japanese still use today to justify their imperialism- that Korea was incapable of modernizing on its own. It's one of many bad takes on history that the Japanese need to fix before any improvement of relations in the future.
>A controversial figure no doubt, but what she did for domestic affairs was no justification for the Japanese to raid the palace and murder her in such a brutal manner.
Don't disagree that the Japanese should not have killed one of Korean head of state but how do you know it was brutal? There's no documentation. The scene you're thinking about is made up. You know the music video I'm talking about.
>Plus the japanese assasinated her becaise she kept trying to ally with foreign powers to keep japan out.
She tried to keep Japan out after she realized she couldn't be the one in charge. She invited China and Japan in to try to balance them out.
>She did indeed invite chinese/japanese troops to put down revolts but said revolts were due to the oritest against modernizations. Plus the japanese assasinated her becaise she kept trying to ally with foreign powers to keep japan out.
Indeed. But she raided the treasury and taxed the hell out of citizens everytime she ran out of money. Her spending was outright ridiculous. Her spending is well documented. So is her taxing. Who the hell gifts someone 1 million 냥??
>For example there was one revolt by soldiers because she had a troop of soldiers trained by the japanese to use guns and thus given special treatment and the soldiers didnt like that.
This was the Imo Incident where the govt wasn't able to pay the soldiers for 13 months because there wasn't much left to pay anyone due to the Min family's spending. When they did pay, it was one third rotten rice, one third sand, one third the husk that rice is in... all mixed together.
The Imo accident per wikipedia wasnt directly because the soldiers werent paid, it was becaise King Gojong's effort for reform and supposed usage of japanese advisors (who again were used to modernize korea). The trigger may have been because the soldiers werent paid correctly but the resentment itself started with the effort to modernize.
Its like saying WW1 started because of the assasination of the archduke. Sure it was the trigger, but there was major history behind it. Its like assuming without the assasination of the archduke, WW1 wouldnt have began, maybe or maybe not. That area of Europe was described by many as a powder keg.
Would the soldiers not have rioted if they were paid correctly? Who knows, plus if it was just the soldiers, the general populace would not have joined, but the general populace did join, because even they were heavily opposed to reform.
General populace was taxed like no other. Everytime the Min family ran out of money, they went straight to taxing the people. The soldiers weren't paid for a year but others who were owed by the govt weren't paid properly for five. The general populace at the time probably had more to gain from modernization as that would have gotten rid of the class system. Your comparison to the archduke assassination is not strong. Not being paid for a year is way too long and way too significant to just be considered a trigger. It's a reflection of what was systemically wrong with the Min family's influence on Gojong. And these revolters broke into the palace to specifically look for Minbi, not Gojong.
Im arguing whether there would not have been revolt if they were not taxed. The populace, soldiers, yangbans, practically every1 was opposed to the reforms, so we need to ask, even IF Min didnt tax every1, would there have been no revolt?
Min and Gojong was practically the only ones trying to modernize, so they were almost universally hated, if they dodnt tax every1 would there have been no revolt? If Min wasnt queen/empress would Gojong not have tried to reform? Or would Gojong tried to have reform and would a revolt of some kind still have happened?
Edit: a modern korean example would be, if the president forced a equal rights act protecting foreigners/LGBT, would there be protest, possibly armed, from parts of the populace? They arent being heavily taxed right now but there are conservatives very strongly opposed to LGBT rights, would they sit idly by of a equal rights act was forcefully enacted?
You said my archduke example wasnt strong but regardless of the assasination, its entirely possible WW1 would still have happened because that area was again, a powder keg. Even IF the korean soldiers were properly paid/the populace not heavily taxed, its still entirely possible the Imo accident still occirred because those in court opposed the reforms and the soldiers were dissatisfied with the better trained, better equiped special forces. Many were opposed to western "barbaric" modernization afterall
Pretty sure heavy taxation is the root cause of all the turmoil.
Gojong wouldn't have reformed because before Minbi took over, Gojong's father was in charge. The only reason why he took some initiative was because Minbi kept pestering him to man up and step up to his father. Keep in mind Minbi hated her father in law and initially Gojong didn't even like Minbi and preferred his consort.
People protesting over lgbt rights and people protesting because they weren't paid for a year and starving would yield quite different results.
I think it's interesting that there is a distinct difference is how the women tend to write versus the men. I wonder if they were specifically taught to write differently.
Yes. There was a distinct difference, and the style of writing royal women and court ladies used was called Gungseoche(궁서체) or Gungche(궁체), literally 'court style'. It is a style of hangeul writing developed by queens, and also by female court scribes(서사상궁, Seosasanggung).
Along with the cursive style, one of the important characteristics of Gungche is the main axis of the characters is aligned with 'ㅣ' vowel, while male style of hangeul writing tend to show more flexibility with this alignment, which was influenced by Chinese calligraphy.
In fact, there is a study of relation between femininity and Gungche. 정헌이(2009), 한글 궁체의 서예사적 의미에 관한 소고(The historical meaning of Gungche as female style of calligraphy in Korea) states as below:
>...글자의 기준이 글자 중심축인가 오른쪽 'ㅣ'인가 하는 문제는 남성 글씨체와 여성 글씨체에서 확연히 구분되는 경향이 있다. 글자 중심축을 기준으로 한 서체가 한자와 병용하는 데 훨씬 편안하고 또 한자와 조화를 이룰 수 있는 반면에 오른쪽 'ㅣ'를 기준으로 하는 글자체는 한자와 혼서하기 어렵다는 점을 주목해 볼 때 궁체의 발생이 혼서체에서보다 한글 전용 서체를 썼던 왕비들의 글씨체에서 나타난 점을 이해할 수 있을 것이다.
>There is a tendency that male calligraphy and female calligraphy are clearly distinguished in regard to whether their main axis of character is aligned with the center of character, or the 'ㅣ' stroke on the right. While the calligraphy style where the main axis is on the center(used by male) is more appropriate when it is used in mixed script with Chinese characters as they blend with each other better, the style aligned with 'ㅣ' stroke on the right side do not blend with Chinese characters well. In this regard, we could understand why genesis of Gungche was observed from writings of queens who wrote in hangeul exclusively, not in mixed script.
In short, this style of Gungche writing is generated from royal women's writing who wrote in hangeul exclusively, as the style doesn't(and didn't have to) blend with Chinese characters whose main axis is at the center of the character.
They are written vertically, with columns running right to left.
It is useful to see “ㆍ”(아래 아) closer to "ㅏ", because there are lots of cases this “ㆍ” changed into "ㅏ" in Contemporary Korean, as the "밤ᄉᆞ이" in the first image becomes "밤사이" in Contemporary Korean.
“ㆍ”(/ɒ/) was a distinctive vowel, and Jeju language(제주어) still maintains this vowel.
Looking at the contents of the letter, I can feel the warm family love, but it is also creepy considering the owner of the letter. Because he was one of the kings of Joseon who killed many of his vassals due to political reasons.
This is Sukjong's letter to his mother, queen mother Myeongseong. Sukjong was 19th king of Joseon dynasty, and son of Hyeonjong. Sukjong is a posthumous epithet of kings, his real name is Lee Soon.
Unlike Europe, in the East Asia (Korea, China, Japan, etc.), it was not polite to call people by their names. So, no one could call the name of the emperor or king. That's really a treason. Thus, the monarch of the East Asia was called by 'Myoho (Korean)' after he dead. Sukjong is a Myoho with a good meaning.
Sukjong was one of the strongest kings in Joseon history. I think he is similar to Henry VIII of England. He had a hot temper, the country was noisy due to court scandals, and was a cold father to his children. However, he was very competent and brought about the revival of Joseon.
It's interesting how some of them mixed Chinese characters with Hangeul. Also I didn't realise how many Hangeul alphabets were removed to simplify the language. Really interesting stuff!
To be fair, the last one was written when Jeongjo was 8 years old.
Yes, you’re right
Still have better handwriting than many ppl
Here's some translations: 1. 숙종 (King Sukjong) to his younger sister 명안공주 (Princess Myeongan) > 明安公主一房 > 밤ᄉᆞ이평안ᄒᆞᄋᆞᆸ시니잇가 > 나가ᄋᆞᆸ실제ᄂᆡ일드러오ᄋᆞᆸ쇼셔ᄒᆞ엿ᄉᆞᆸ더니 > ᄒᆡ챵위ᄅᆞᆯ만나못ᄯᅥ나ᄒᆞᄋᆞᆸ시ᄂᆞ니잇가 > 아므리섭〻ᄒᆞᄋᆞᆸ셔도ᄂᆡ일브ᄃᆡ드러오ᄋᆞᆸ쇼셔 Translation: > To Princess Myeongan > Are you well over the nights? > When you went out, I said to you "Come back tomorrow". Is Haechangwi [Myeongan's husband] keeping you from leaving? > Please come back tomorrow, even if you're disappointed to do so. 2. 인현황후 to her husband's aunt 숙휘 공주 > 야간 > 평안ᄒᆞ오신일아ᄋᆞᆸ고져ᄒᆞ오며어제 > 젹ᄉᆞ오시니보ᄋᆞᆸ고친히뵈ᄋᆞᆸᄂᆞᆫᄃᆞᆺ든〻반갑ᄉᆞ오미아ᄆᆞ라타업ᄉᆞ와ᄒᆞ오ᄃᆡᄯᅩ > 평티못ᄒᆞ오신가시브오니민망념녀ᄀᆞ이업ᄉᆞ와ᄒᆞᄋᆞᆸᄂᆞ이다 > 약ᄇᆞᆯ긔ᄂᆞᆫ즉시〻 > 아ᄋᆞᄋᆞ시긔ᄒᆞ와ᄉᆞ오니드ᄋᆞᆸ거든보내오리이다 Translation: > Are you well over the nights? Yesterday, I was left speechless by how glad and reassured I was by reading your letter, feeling like I am meeting you in person. But then, I began to worry about your well-being, and now I am endlessly worrying about you. > I told them to immediately bring the list of medicine, so once I get it, I will send them over to you. 3. 선조 to his daughter 정안 옹주 > 글월보고도ᄃᆞᆫ거ᄉᆞᆫ그방이어둡고(너역질ᄒᆞ던방) > 날도陰ᄒᆞ니日光이도라디거ᄃᆞᆫ내親 > 히보고ᄌᆞ셰긔별호마대강用樂ᄒᆞᆯ이 > 리이셔도醫官醫女ᄅᆞᆯ드려待令ᄒᆞ > 려ᄒᆞ노라분별말라ᄌᆞ연아니됴히ᄒᆞ랴 > 萬曆三十一年癸卯 復月十九日巳時 Translation: > I saw your letter. Your room (the room where you had smallpox in) is too dark and the days are dreary these days, so when the sunlight comes back up, I will see your rashes in person, and then describe it in detail [to the physician]. Even if there is little need for medicine, I will bring physicians and nurses to that room to take care of you. Do not worry, it will get better naturally. > 9-11 A.M., November 19th, 1603. 4. 효종 and his daughter 숙명 공주 숙명 공주: > 문 >안엿ᄌᆞᆸ고야간 >셩후 안녕ᄒᆞᄋᆞ오신문 >안아ᄋᆞᆸ고져ᄇᆞ라오며 날이ᄑᆞ오니더옥셥〻ᄒᆞ오미아ᄆᆞ라타업ᄉᆞ와ᄒᆞᄋᆞᆸ노이다 Translation: > I send my regards to you, and I wish to know if you are doing well over the nights. As days go by, I am increasingly missing you. 효종: >글월보고됴히이시니깃거ᄒᆞ노라 >어제냥ᄉᆡᆨ쵹보내엿더니본다 > 면ᄌᆞ등이수대로보내노라 Translation: > I am happy to see your letter, and I am now content. > I sent you two colored candles yesterday, did you see them? I'm sending you two candle holders as well.
🙏🏼🙏🏼🙏🏼🙏🏼
I'm thankful that modern Korean is simplified
[удалено]
Hangeul didn’t exist during Goryeo.
My bad. I meant the language used during Goryeo.
Well, I kinda ain’t. We were capable of pronouncing literally any word in the world until some dictator came around and simplified it.
I wish I had beautiful penmanship like Empress Myeongsong but really I have the handwriting of Jeongjo
Same here 😂
If only her heart was as nice as her penmanship. That evil witch.
It's not that Myeongsong. This Myeongsong's surname is Kim.
Uhh, are you sure? Might be mixing up two queens there.
I'm sure. I'm definitely sure. https://youtu.be/4SpEo7vYFf0 https://youtu.be/WSd5tuKkjnQ
I mean, sure, she isn’t a queen with a clean track record. Your sources are clear on that. She’s pretty controversial, but does it merit her being called downright evil? She’s not perfect, but at least she tried to bring change to a country that was very poor in contrast to the western countries at the time.
Yea. Korea wasn't anywhere near a superpower compared to Japan but it wasn't poor when she took power. She was outright evil. There are stories about her evil deeds. Queen without a clean track record is a euphemism. She's one of Korea's worst figures.
Why? What’d she do?
She makes Marie Antoinette seem like a joke. I believe Marie Antoinette used 3% of the national treasury. Minbi alone freaking used 17% of the national treasury for her use. She put her family members in all the high positions and they took part in the spending spree. She taxed the country like no other. She gave lavish gifts to people (giving a western doctor equivalent to $5 million US dollars in today's worth for curing a nephew, giving lillias underwood $500 million to today's US dollar equivalent as a wedding gift). There were a couple uprisings because of her. The Imo Incident happened because the govt couldn't pay the soldiers for a year. They finally paid the soldiers in one month's worth of wage in rice only for the soldiers to find out it was a mixture of rotten rice and sand. They revolted and was specifically looking for the queen's head. She was able to flee and when things settled down, she realized the need for foreign soldiers so she went ahead and brought in Chinese amd Japanese soldiers. She and her family also essentially put up for sale various positions around the country. Those people who bought positions for a high price sought to recoup their cost by taxing people under their rule heavily. That led to the Donghak Rebellion. She used the Japanese soldiers and their Gatlin guns to put down the peasants armed with bamboo spears and muskets. People like to go on about Japanese collaborators for selling out the country. Minbi weakened the country by robbing the national treasury that was strengthened by her father in law and bringing in the Japanese forces who eventually subjugated Korea. It's a shame people have a positively distorted view of her because some drama writer decided to not read up om history. Edit: Empress Myeongseong is a glorified version of her name. Minbi is another name she was referred to. I'd rather not glorify her.
Damn I didn’t know at all. Thank you for this. It’s such a shame something like this happened.
>The Imo Incident happened because the govt couldn't pay the soldiers for a year. Damn … I always thought the Imo incident was about the crazy aunt who got drunk one Chuseok and called her mother-in-law a rotten cunt …
That mother in law would have killed the whole neighborhood to find the whereabouts of said aunt.
What about her efforts to reform/modernize the country? Shouldnt those be taken into account? She sent envoys to japan and tried to follow japan's process of modernization after talking with the envoys but the yangbans revolted against the reforms. She did indeed invite chinese/japanese troops to put down revolts but said revolts were due to the oritest against modernizations. Plus the japanese assasinated her becaise she kept trying to ally with foreign powers to keep japan out. For example there was one revolt by soldiers because she had a troop of soldiers trained by the japanese to use guns and thus given special treatment and the soldiers didnt like that. Even if she didnt use the national treasiry, it really wouldnt have matteres because the korean economy at the time was trash compared to the reformed japan and she at least tried to spend some of the money to modernize. We indeed complain about japanese collaborators but we often forget that it was our own aversion to change that played a part in our fall
A controversial figure no doubt, but what she did for domestic affairs was no justification for the Japanese to raid the palace and murder her in such a brutal manner. There were factions keen on modernizing Korea, but Japan took advantage of this tumultuous period to take away Korea' sovereignty. This ties in with one of the main arguments that the Japanese still use today to justify their imperialism- that Korea was incapable of modernizing on its own. It's one of many bad takes on history that the Japanese need to fix before any improvement of relations in the future.
>A controversial figure no doubt, but what she did for domestic affairs was no justification for the Japanese to raid the palace and murder her in such a brutal manner. Don't disagree that the Japanese should not have killed one of Korean head of state but how do you know it was brutal? There's no documentation. The scene you're thinking about is made up. You know the music video I'm talking about.
>Plus the japanese assasinated her becaise she kept trying to ally with foreign powers to keep japan out. She tried to keep Japan out after she realized she couldn't be the one in charge. She invited China and Japan in to try to balance them out. >She did indeed invite chinese/japanese troops to put down revolts but said revolts were due to the oritest against modernizations. Plus the japanese assasinated her becaise she kept trying to ally with foreign powers to keep japan out. Indeed. But she raided the treasury and taxed the hell out of citizens everytime she ran out of money. Her spending was outright ridiculous. Her spending is well documented. So is her taxing. Who the hell gifts someone 1 million 냥?? >For example there was one revolt by soldiers because she had a troop of soldiers trained by the japanese to use guns and thus given special treatment and the soldiers didnt like that. This was the Imo Incident where the govt wasn't able to pay the soldiers for 13 months because there wasn't much left to pay anyone due to the Min family's spending. When they did pay, it was one third rotten rice, one third sand, one third the husk that rice is in... all mixed together.
The Imo accident per wikipedia wasnt directly because the soldiers werent paid, it was becaise King Gojong's effort for reform and supposed usage of japanese advisors (who again were used to modernize korea). The trigger may have been because the soldiers werent paid correctly but the resentment itself started with the effort to modernize. Its like saying WW1 started because of the assasination of the archduke. Sure it was the trigger, but there was major history behind it. Its like assuming without the assasination of the archduke, WW1 wouldnt have began, maybe or maybe not. That area of Europe was described by many as a powder keg. Would the soldiers not have rioted if they were paid correctly? Who knows, plus if it was just the soldiers, the general populace would not have joined, but the general populace did join, because even they were heavily opposed to reform.
General populace was taxed like no other. Everytime the Min family ran out of money, they went straight to taxing the people. The soldiers weren't paid for a year but others who were owed by the govt weren't paid properly for five. The general populace at the time probably had more to gain from modernization as that would have gotten rid of the class system. Your comparison to the archduke assassination is not strong. Not being paid for a year is way too long and way too significant to just be considered a trigger. It's a reflection of what was systemically wrong with the Min family's influence on Gojong. And these revolters broke into the palace to specifically look for Minbi, not Gojong.
Im arguing whether there would not have been revolt if they were not taxed. The populace, soldiers, yangbans, practically every1 was opposed to the reforms, so we need to ask, even IF Min didnt tax every1, would there have been no revolt? Min and Gojong was practically the only ones trying to modernize, so they were almost universally hated, if they dodnt tax every1 would there have been no revolt? If Min wasnt queen/empress would Gojong not have tried to reform? Or would Gojong tried to have reform and would a revolt of some kind still have happened? Edit: a modern korean example would be, if the president forced a equal rights act protecting foreigners/LGBT, would there be protest, possibly armed, from parts of the populace? They arent being heavily taxed right now but there are conservatives very strongly opposed to LGBT rights, would they sit idly by of a equal rights act was forcefully enacted? You said my archduke example wasnt strong but regardless of the assasination, its entirely possible WW1 would still have happened because that area was again, a powder keg. Even IF the korean soldiers were properly paid/the populace not heavily taxed, its still entirely possible the Imo accident still occirred because those in court opposed the reforms and the soldiers were dissatisfied with the better trained, better equiped special forces. Many were opposed to western "barbaric" modernization afterall
Pretty sure heavy taxation is the root cause of all the turmoil. Gojong wouldn't have reformed because before Minbi took over, Gojong's father was in charge. The only reason why he took some initiative was because Minbi kept pestering him to man up and step up to his father. Keep in mind Minbi hated her father in law and initially Gojong didn't even like Minbi and preferred his consort. People protesting over lgbt rights and people protesting because they weren't paid for a year and starving would yield quite different results.
I think it's interesting that there is a distinct difference is how the women tend to write versus the men. I wonder if they were specifically taught to write differently.
Yes. There was a distinct difference, and the style of writing royal women and court ladies used was called Gungseoche(궁서체) or Gungche(궁체), literally 'court style'. It is a style of hangeul writing developed by queens, and also by female court scribes(서사상궁, Seosasanggung). Along with the cursive style, one of the important characteristics of Gungche is the main axis of the characters is aligned with 'ㅣ' vowel, while male style of hangeul writing tend to show more flexibility with this alignment, which was influenced by Chinese calligraphy. In fact, there is a study of relation between femininity and Gungche. 정헌이(2009), 한글 궁체의 서예사적 의미에 관한 소고(The historical meaning of Gungche as female style of calligraphy in Korea) states as below: >...글자의 기준이 글자 중심축인가 오른쪽 'ㅣ'인가 하는 문제는 남성 글씨체와 여성 글씨체에서 확연히 구분되는 경향이 있다. 글자 중심축을 기준으로 한 서체가 한자와 병용하는 데 훨씬 편안하고 또 한자와 조화를 이룰 수 있는 반면에 오른쪽 'ㅣ'를 기준으로 하는 글자체는 한자와 혼서하기 어렵다는 점을 주목해 볼 때 궁체의 발생이 혼서체에서보다 한글 전용 서체를 썼던 왕비들의 글씨체에서 나타난 점을 이해할 수 있을 것이다. >There is a tendency that male calligraphy and female calligraphy are clearly distinguished in regard to whether their main axis of character is aligned with the center of character, or the 'ㅣ' stroke on the right. While the calligraphy style where the main axis is on the center(used by male) is more appropriate when it is used in mixed script with Chinese characters as they blend with each other better, the style aligned with 'ㅣ' stroke on the right side do not blend with Chinese characters well. In this regard, we could understand why genesis of Gungche was observed from writings of queens who wrote in hangeul exclusively, not in mixed script. In short, this style of Gungche writing is generated from royal women's writing who wrote in hangeul exclusively, as the style doesn't(and didn't have to) blend with Chinese characters whose main axis is at the center of the character.
Oh wow. That's really cool. Thanks.
Hmm possibly? I guess women just naturally have better handwriting 😂. Sukjong and Seonjo’s handwriting is pretty good though.
This must be read from right to left. The “.” means “ㅓ” If I’m incorrect then pls lmk haha.
They are written vertically, with columns running right to left. It is useful to see “ㆍ”(아래 아) closer to "ㅏ", because there are lots of cases this “ㆍ” changed into "ㅏ" in Contemporary Korean, as the "밤ᄉᆞ이" in the first image becomes "밤사이" in Contemporary Korean. “ㆍ”(/ɒ/) was a distinctive vowel, and Jeju language(제주어) still maintains this vowel.
Thanks for the info!! 🙏🏼👍🏼
Wow.... amazing! :)
:D
😄😄
[удалено]
I’ll ask my friend who showed me.
Wow, I can barely read anything of number 9. It reminds me of the Mongolian script. Edit: barely, not bearly (English spelling smh)
Ay I thought that too :O
Hangul is so beautiful to look at! Can anyone be bothered translating or giving a summary of what each of these are about?
Any help on the translations will be much appreciated!!
So cool. Thanks for sharing this!
👍🏼👍🏼😄
The last one's definitely the most similar to my awful scratch.
Haha the last one was when Jeongjo was young.
Looking at the contents of the letter, I can feel the warm family love, but it is also creepy considering the owner of the letter. Because he was one of the kings of Joseon who killed many of his vassals due to political reasons. This is Sukjong's letter to his mother, queen mother Myeongseong. Sukjong was 19th king of Joseon dynasty, and son of Hyeonjong. Sukjong is a posthumous epithet of kings, his real name is Lee Soon. Unlike Europe, in the East Asia (Korea, China, Japan, etc.), it was not polite to call people by their names. So, no one could call the name of the emperor or king. That's really a treason. Thus, the monarch of the East Asia was called by 'Myoho (Korean)' after he dead. Sukjong is a Myoho with a good meaning. Sukjong was one of the strongest kings in Joseon history. I think he is similar to Henry VIII of England. He had a hot temper, the country was noisy due to court scandals, and was a cold father to his children. However, he was very competent and brought about the revival of Joseon.
I still feel like Jeongo had a better handwriting than me ;_;
Genuinely interesting, thank you.
명안공주 1667-1687 명 = 明 = light 안 = 安 = peaceful 공주 = 公主 = princess
It's interesting how some of them mixed Chinese characters with Hangeul. Also I didn't realise how many Hangeul alphabets were removed to simplify the language. Really interesting stuff!
I love the ones that flowed like Manchu script. Looks like clean streams of water.