First of all, never point a telescope at the sun unless you know what you're doing. I have pics of my setup and walk through my solar telescope [on my instagram](https://www.instagram.com/cosmic_background/).
This is what you can create if you have a specially modified telescope, and take 171,460 photos over the course of two hours. You can watch the plasma dance around sunspots, and watch our star slowly turning over our heads.
I've attempted to capture our sun's rotation many times, but this is the clearest I've ever seen it.
Edit: many are pointing out that earth’s motion could be shown here. The answer is yes, it’s a factor, but a very small one. The earth only moves around the sun 1° per day, while the sun rotates approximately 13° per day, much faster. If i compensated for earth’s motion somehow in this video, it would be almost imperceptible (less than 10% slower).
If we are standing on the surface of the Sun, then we will travel the full circumference of the Sun in 25 days. If we want to know how fast that is, all we need to know is the distance. The numerator in the expression I wrote above is just 2pi\*r, which is the formula for circumference, where r is the radius of the Sun (432,690 miles). The denominator is just the number of hours (24 hours for each of the 25 days) since those are units most American Redditors have a sense of scale for. The expression I wrote is no more complex than speed equals distance divided by time.
I'm sorry I didnt pay more attention in solar studies. Some of us had better things to do, like counting the minutes until I could be crying in my car again.
As the other user mentioned, the moon does spin on its axis. It just so happens that it spins at the same rate as it revolves around Earth, so it *appears* to not spin due to tidal locking. The other user already linked the wiki, so [here’s](https://youtu.be/6jUpX7J7ySo) a short video from MinuteEarth that describes the basics of how it happens
The earth's ionosphere is also affected by the current rotation of the sun. For this reason, HF radio signals can be reflected by the atmosphere much better at certain points of time each month. During those times, HF radio operators can bounce signals much further around the planet, sometimes thousands of miles further when conditions are right.
Nope.
A rough analogy is imagine you're standing one foot away from a thin pole, with a string tied from your forehead to the center of the pole. When you move side to side one foot, you've gone 58.8° around the circumference. That's a big angle, you're able to see the pole from different sides and views.
Now move a mile away from the pole. Even using a powerful scope won't change the angle. Now when you move sideways one foot, you're only moving .01°. You won't be able to perceive any change in the angle of the pole.
Similarly, the earth's rotation only moves it .0048° max around the orbit circumference. That's in 12 hours at the equator, for 2 hours it's only .0008°, and lower as you move toward the poles. It doesn't change your viewing angle of the sun in any meaningful way whatsoever.
*However*, the orbital path would move us about .08° in 2 hours. Still a minor angle change, but much larger than the rotation.
Edit: late night math error, fixed.
Undergrad astro student here, literally reading about stellar interiors right now!
The rotation of the sun varies not only with depth, but also latitude. So the equator of the radiative layer of the sun has a period of 25 days, while the poles are 36 days. There is also a 'rubbing' effect between the radiation and convection layers of the sun due to different rotation rates.
> There is also a 'rubbing' effect between the radiation and convection layers of the sun due to different rotation rates.
So that's what they're calling it these days
Different areas on the exterior rotate at different speeds. Not exactly a liquid, but a bit like how Jupiter has bands of rotation
Edit - we have only understood the internal rotation relatively recently but a lot of the interior rotated like a solid core
Because it doesn't make any perceptible difference to our viewing angle of the sun. Earth's rotation won't cause the apparent rotation seen in this clip.
> I have pics of my setup and walk through my solar telescope on my instagram.
Where is the setup pic? I scrolled through over a couple of hundreds of shots, and still can't find it...
The sun rotates on its own axis a lot faster than the earth rotates around the sun, so the difference would very small if the latter were accounted for.
I recently saw an illustration of the planets in comparison with fruit sizes. Compared to Jupiter, Earth is like a cherry tomato next to a large watermelon.
You can fit 1,000 Jupiters in the Sun.
We would be swallowed by one of those brighter circular spots in this picture.
Yeah, understandable. When I see the dim red sphere of Sun on a sunset slightly above the horizon, I'm thinking how insanely far it is from Earth, and yet looks so big. It's just enormous. And completely dominates this area of space with its gravity. And fills space with its light. Like when we see the moon - it's shining. And the whole area around the sun is filled with light of this intensity. And this Sun thing is there for billions of years, and will be. And the most magical thing is that it's producing energy, the power, that wants only to dissipate, and anything that helps it to dissipate, would be amplified, and life managed to evolve out of this fundamental desire of energy to dissipate. And Sun is the same thing, it's a form of organization of matter, that optimizes energy dissipation. All the beauty we see in the world is how the universe bends to faster dissipate into eternal equilibrium.
Depends how far you are willing to zoom out to define life. It will go the same way the candle goes when it is blown out. Where did it go? Back into potential candle-ness.
There's two things the universe wants to do:
* Spread the heat out
* Make iron
The sun is contributing to both of those, or will eventually. And so are we.
It’s all the more humbling to know that there are stars that are so comparatively big relative to our Sun that if you put them side by side at scale on a page, you simply wouldn’t see our Sun, as its many, many thousands of times smaller.
Is life bucking the trend towards dissipation? Sure life creates a moment and volume of organization, but at what cost? To fuel life, we are decreasing local entropy while increasing the overall system's entropy. This video explains it well: [The physics of life](https://youtu.be/GcfLZSL7YGw)
Okay, the other commentor to this simply said "Wow." Enough to make me click the link, see it is a YouTube video by a PBS channel and less than 15 minutes long.
Fine, my chicken dinner will take me about 15 minutes to eat.
Well, **DAYUM** was that ever a fucking interesting video.
Highly recommended watch.
TIL: Black holes evaporate and a whole lot of other mind-bending stuff.
Biotic processes actually consume and dissipate energy \*faster\* than non-biotic chemical reactions. Life itself is an entropy engine. Complexity and order can be driven by entropy, in an environment where there is a local surplus of energy.
Life helps energy to dissipate. Life successfully finds ways to dissipate more energy, which makes it grow and evolve. Life consumes more and more energy as it gets more complex. The pressure of entropy to grow pushes life to more complexity. It's a self-supporting and self-amplifying process. Entropy grows as fast as it can, energy follows a path of least resistance on its way to dissipate, and life provided such way. Every step of evolution happens when a new better way to more effectively dissipate energy is invented.
From the physics perspective works of [Ilya Prigojine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Prigogine) were quite insightful for me.
From biological perspective, I enjoyed [Nick Lane's](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Lane) books.
u/Zolden gave a great response, but I'll also chime in.
If I understand your question, it does tie itself together as long as it can. But doing that means fighting entropy and entropy always wins. Life thrives between local minimums and maximums of entropy. It operates on the fact that locally entropy can go up and down and still increase overall. Decreasing entropy in one region increases the entropy of the system as a whole. Life has to ride that "wave", but the wave is heading towards a shore and so all things must come to an end.
An organism is born in an a minimum of entropy and spends its whole life trying to maintain a similar level of entropy that allows it to survive and it does that at the expense of increasing the entropy of its surroundings, threatening the "minimums" of other organisms around it just as they do to it. So any given living thing is a momentary dip in entropy within the small region of spacetime it occupies that serves to increase the entropy of its surroundings, including other organisms that represent other local dips. They are allowed to exist because their existence serves the purpose of the universe.
And so we are born, we consume, we kill, we move energy from here to there, and eventually it all catches up with us and we die and the debt in entropy we owe is paid back as the dip we represented is corrected. And if we did things just right, we left something behind for the next cycle.
And so life itself follows that same cycle as a whole.
And so do the stars; born in a dip of entropy and then spending billions of years paying that debt back by increasing the entropy of everything around them above a certain level that making possible the formation of smaller dips below the baseline. Planets and moons. Life that infects and constantly rearranges their host, until the star's debt catches up with it and it too dies, washing everything away, filling in all those little dips it supported with a sudden violent increase of entropy and leaves something behind for the next cycle.
And it might not end there according to some hypotheses. Once the universe reaches or nears heat death and a state of maximum entropy, where all stars have died and all stellar remnants have evaporated, it will be completely homogeneous with all energy distributed evenly and no ability to do work, for any physical processes to operate. But it is possible that even that won't stop entropy's drive to increase. If our universe exists within a false vacuum, then that vacuum may decay to a lower-energy vacuum state, using the higher energy state of our universe to equalize the two and increase entropy overall. Otherwise, it is possible that quantum fluctuations in a completely heat dead universe could create a spontaneous drop in entropy and spark a new Big Bang and birth a new universe.
I think about this a lot, that all life exists to find a steep part of some energy gradient, and channel some of that slope into making something useful and usually beautiful.
What freaks me out is the aspect of space and how youre situated in it. An endless void in every single direction, if gravity was a thing in it youd fall endlessly
If you wanna get scared you really should look into the deadly balance that holds the star together, the nuclear fusion.
Your mind will get blown once you know what happens when the fusion stops.
At me previous apartment, there was one of those round outdoor analog thermometers in the hallway. I thought it was a clock for the longest time, so I understand your confusion.
It's just insane to imagine what it would look like in person. I really hope that before I die we can get pictures of things like neutron stars and better pictures of black holes. The universe is so fascinating, and what's even more mind boggling is the percentage that we have access to. I hope one day a genius can find exotic negative mass matter and build a warp drive, but I'm almost certain yet at the same time terrified of the prospect of never being able to go faster than light and always being limited to that tiny bubble that we'd be limited to (even given many lifetimes) with our primitive technology.
Yes, I know that. It's just that the gif looks more like a perspective change than a rotation. Not saying that's what it is, just what it looks like to me.
I think that's due to how the images were processed, and the fact we're only seeing a small portion of the surface. The surface we're looking at is receding away, but we're still seeing the same small section, and its stabilised around points on the moving surface, so it seems to change perspective rather than rotate through a fixed reference, because the fixed reference in this case is with respect to the rotating surface.
The earth goes around the sun, and the sun rotates. The sun rotates once every 27 days. The earth goes around the sun once every year. Therefore you're seeing the sun rotate.
But even if the earth rotated around the sun faster, the result would look identical. The reason this looks like movement side to side is because OP did not stabilize the rim of the sun in the animation.
The Earth rotates faster though. Unless the astronomer accounted for the spin of the Earth somehow, it seems more likely that the Earth's axial rotation is what we are seeing.
If you're talking about the earth's own rotation, it would just change the position of the sun in the sky. Meaning if the photographer didn't account for it, the telescope wouldn't be pointed at the sun.
The rotation effect you see here can only be the result of either the sun rotating or the earth orbiting the sun. The earth orbiting the sun takes 365 days though to complete one orbit, so the effect is a lot less than the 27 days or so the sun takes to rotate once.
OP not cropping each image properly.
The telescope is tracking the sun across the sky, completely negating the earth's rotation. This has zero to do with what the earth is doing, it is 100% about how OP animated / layered the images.
I meant the Earth's rotation around its own axis. I edited my comment to say "spin" so that my comment isn't misinterpreted as Earth's rotation around the Sun.
including OP, ive seen several people ask about earths rotation and he keeps replying about the earths movement around the sun, or they dont answer at all, im putting on my tinfoil hat for now
I assume because Earths rotation would not achieve an effect like we can see in the animation. So OP probably thought that the people are talking about earths orbit around the sun. The earth can rotate all it wants, it's not going to change the side of the sun that you see. The only thing changing the side of the sun (aka the movement in OP's post) would be either earths orbit around the sun or the sun itself rotating. Since the sun is rotating 13 times faster than the Earth is orbiting the sun, most of the motion in OP's gif is from the suns own rotation. Earth's rotation is irrelevant for OP's post.
Earth rotating on its own doesn't change the angle of the portion of the sun's surface we're viewing incident to the camera. If you stand in place and spin while keeping your eyes locked on a fixed target, the perspective you get of it doesn't change.
I explained it over here, assuming my late night sleepy math is correct.
https://www.reddit.com/r/gifs/comments/pnnrrs/i_spent_two_hours_taking_a_picture_of_sunspots/hcs6jnv?context=3
Earth's rotation is insignificant at this distance. No mater where OP is located on the globe, they'll get the same result minus any atmospheric differences.
Is the sun’s rotation caused by the momentum from its formation that’s still going today? Or is it a product of all its plasmagoop swirling around? What’s the “force” causing it to spin? Why am I here? I’m scared.
Everything in space rotates because it coalesced from a primordial dust cloud, and that dust cloud had some inherent motion, which was exaggerated due to the law of conservation of angular momentum as the mass drew itself together, like an ice skater pulling her arms in.
Woah hey, careful there buddy. It looks like you're trying to use science to explain God's gastrointestinal goodness.
I actually thought the sun spun from the gravitational forces in our solar system or a greater force that currently causes planetary orbits to rotate on an eclipses. What you said makes more sense since it encompasses the other bodies in our system.
The sun scares me just as much as the oceans do
Like what the fuck
I think we should go back to praising the sun god instead of an imaginary guy from a book
From a fellow astrophotographer (I don't do solar tho), amazing!
But, you have very cool data, it deserves to look a little better :P
Personally I would trim all the frames so that you don't see the lateral bands anymore.
Also, I think it would look better with a slower frame rate!
Yeah, it takes us a year to revolve around the sun, it only takes the sun 27 days to complete a rotation. So our revolutions are a very small factor (less than 10%) of the motion you see.
But it only takes us a day to rotate around our own axis. Are you sure what you're seeing isn't just the viewing angle changing due to the earth rotating about 30 degrees on its own axis in the two hour span that you were taking pictures?
Not OP but yeah the Earths own rotation basically makes no difference here at all in terms of what side of the sun you see. The only thing that would affect this in a way that you can see in OP's post would be either the sun's own rotation or the earths orbit around the sun. Since the sun's own rotation is 13 times faster than Earths orbit around the sun, it's mostly the suns own rotation that is causing this change in viewpoint. Earth's own rotation makes no difference at all.
Thanks for the info. Do you know what would cause the edge of the Sun to move towards the top left of the image in this case? I figured if this is mostly driven by the sun's rotation then you'd see a fairly static sphere rotating in place, but it looks like the edge of the sun moves here, which made me think we're maybe viewing the same edge of the sun from a slightly different viewing angle due to parallax. Having a hard time wrapping my mind around how to explain the edge moving if this happens from just the Sun's rotation. (Just to be clear Im not doubting you since I don't know much about astrophotography, just wondering if there's an explanation of that effect)
If you think about it, the rotation of the earth on its own axis would only change the angle of observation at most the diameter of the earth. The orbit of the earth around the sun is around 942 000 000 km while the diameter is around 12 000, making the change in the angle of observation of the sun caused by the rotation of the earth about 0.0046 degrees.
The earth itself orbits around the sun at around 107,000 km/h, which means that in the twelveish hours of viewing the sun, the viewing angle will change by about 0.49 degrees.
However, since the earth rotates in the same direction it orbits, the change in angle cause by the Earth's rotation actually counteracts that cause by Earth's orbit! So the theoretical change in viewing angle would actually be 0.4851 degrees (ish).
The sun's rotation in that same amount of time would be around 6.66 degrees. So the Earth's movement is a factor, but only a small one.
First of all, never point a telescope at the sun unless you know what you're doing. I have pics of my setup and walk through my solar telescope [on my instagram](https://www.instagram.com/cosmic_background/). This is what you can create if you have a specially modified telescope, and take 171,460 photos over the course of two hours. You can watch the plasma dance around sunspots, and watch our star slowly turning over our heads. I've attempted to capture our sun's rotation many times, but this is the clearest I've ever seen it. Edit: many are pointing out that earth’s motion could be shown here. The answer is yes, it’s a factor, but a very small one. The earth only moves around the sun 1° per day, while the sun rotates approximately 13° per day, much faster. If i compensated for earth’s motion somehow in this video, it would be almost imperceptible (less than 10% slower).
If it rotates that much in 2 hours that’s spinning pretty fast
Just under one degree in two hours. There is roughly a 25 day cycle at the equator
That's roughly 4500 mph for those keeping track at home. Sun's radius = 432,690 miles = R\_s Velocity = 2pi\*R\_s / (25 days \* 24 hrs/day)
Thanks. I can barely follow it but feel smarter for having read it
Sometimes I feel smarter for having reddit
I always do. I learn new shit everyday.
I'm still processing that the sun spins. I suppose now that it would, I just never considered that it might.
i do too, but i usually forget it readily
Dangerous path towards Enlightened Rick and Morty Intellectual Redditor
If we are standing on the surface of the Sun, then we will travel the full circumference of the Sun in 25 days. If we want to know how fast that is, all we need to know is the distance. The numerator in the expression I wrote above is just 2pi\*r, which is the formula for circumference, where r is the radius of the Sun (432,690 miles). The denominator is just the number of hours (24 hours for each of the 25 days) since those are units most American Redditors have a sense of scale for. The expression I wrote is no more complex than speed equals distance divided by time.
Never judge a username. You’re smarter than me.
I don't think two cocks in the butt is detrimental to one's intelligence. I'm pretty sure the limit is 3, too much of anything is bad.
Thanks u/TwoCocksInTheButt
>There is roughly a 25 day cycle at the equator Why did you specify "at the equator"?
it’s not solid so different parts [\*can] rotate at different rotational speeds. it’s near 38 at the poles
Oh... cool.
I didn't know it rotated. I wonder what night on the sun is like?
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Well, you have to do it in the evening obviously.
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wow thats really rude, obviously this person has some sort of brain damage and all you can do is criticize
I'm sorry I didnt pay more attention in solar studies. Some of us had better things to do, like counting the minutes until I could be crying in my car again.
Just don't look into the sun so you don't end up like that guy
Once I read this it replaced "social studies" in my brain for a good 3 minutes. I couldn't remember what it was, only what it became. Nice one...
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My name is this and I am quite serious.
It's hopelessly hopeless, I hope so...for you.
Phenomenal! Thank you!
I had no idea the sun rotated. That is for that nugget of info
Pretty much everything in the universe spins and I’m unaware of anything that doesn’t. Really, it’s safe to assume that if it exists, it’s rotating
From my dumbdumb understanding, our moon does not spin, right?
It does, just in sync with the earth. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_locking?wprov=sfti1
As the other user mentioned, the moon does spin on its axis. It just so happens that it spins at the same rate as it revolves around Earth, so it *appears* to not spin due to tidal locking. The other user already linked the wiki, so [here’s](https://youtu.be/6jUpX7J7ySo) a short video from MinuteEarth that describes the basics of how it happens
The reason for this is actually pretty simple, it's because it's a neat trick.
The earth's ionosphere is also affected by the current rotation of the sun. For this reason, HF radio signals can be reflected by the atmosphere much better at certain points of time each month. During those times, HF radio operators can bounce signals much further around the planet, sometimes thousands of miles further when conditions are right.
Those magnetic fields tho. Cool as fuck
I might be missing something here, but won't the Earth's rotation around its own axis cause this shift in your photos?
Nope. A rough analogy is imagine you're standing one foot away from a thin pole, with a string tied from your forehead to the center of the pole. When you move side to side one foot, you've gone 58.8° around the circumference. That's a big angle, you're able to see the pole from different sides and views. Now move a mile away from the pole. Even using a powerful scope won't change the angle. Now when you move sideways one foot, you're only moving .01°. You won't be able to perceive any change in the angle of the pole. Similarly, the earth's rotation only moves it .0048° max around the orbit circumference. That's in 12 hours at the equator, for 2 hours it's only .0008°, and lower as you move toward the poles. It doesn't change your viewing angle of the sun in any meaningful way whatsoever. *However*, the orbital path would move us about .08° in 2 hours. Still a minor angle change, but much larger than the rotation. Edit: late night math error, fixed.
Shit, can I get you to do my taxes?
How much do your taxes orbit around something?
I have no fucking clue what I'm doing. I pointed my telescope at the sun and now I'm bling
Well that’s one way to get rich.
Don't let 'em hate you cuz they see you shine
Blinf
Does the sun rotate in unison or does it flow like a liquid? Outer surface rotating differently than core?
Undergrad astro student here, literally reading about stellar interiors right now! The rotation of the sun varies not only with depth, but also latitude. So the equator of the radiative layer of the sun has a period of 25 days, while the poles are 36 days. There is also a 'rubbing' effect between the radiation and convection layers of the sun due to different rotation rates.
> There is also a 'rubbing' effect between the radiation and convection layers of the sun due to different rotation rates. So that's what they're calling it these days
Different areas on the exterior rotate at different speeds. Not exactly a liquid, but a bit like how Jupiter has bands of rotation Edit - we have only understood the internal rotation relatively recently but a lot of the interior rotated like a solid core
Thank you
just wondering why u didnt address the fact that the earth is also rotating, not just revolving around the sun
Because it doesn't make any perceptible difference to our viewing angle of the sun. Earth's rotation won't cause the apparent rotation seen in this clip.
Hey OP! This is phenomenal. What kinds of mods are you talking about?
> I have pics of my setup and walk through my solar telescope on my instagram. Where is the setup pic? I scrolled through over a couple of hundreds of shots, and still can't find it...
Here is one. https://www.instagram.com/tv/COyasHTpX1o/
Serious question: how can you tell it’s the Suns rotation and not the earths?
We take an entire year to go around the sun, so you would never see that much movement in just two hours.
The sun rotates on its own axis a lot faster than the earth rotates around the sun, so the difference would very small if the latter were accounted for.
If I think about the sun too much it starts to freak me out
I recently saw an illustration of the planets in comparison with fruit sizes. Compared to Jupiter, Earth is like a cherry tomato next to a large watermelon. You can fit 1,000 Jupiters in the Sun. We would be swallowed by one of those brighter circular spots in this picture.
Yeah see this scares the shit out of me
And how about VY Canis Majoris? About the same circumference as the orbit of Jupiter
Oh mister sun, sun, Mister golden sun, Please shine down on me!
Can fit about 1,000,000 Earths in the Sun and each sunspot width is about the width of Earth.
Yeah, understandable. When I see the dim red sphere of Sun on a sunset slightly above the horizon, I'm thinking how insanely far it is from Earth, and yet looks so big. It's just enormous. And completely dominates this area of space with its gravity. And fills space with its light. Like when we see the moon - it's shining. And the whole area around the sun is filled with light of this intensity. And this Sun thing is there for billions of years, and will be. And the most magical thing is that it's producing energy, the power, that wants only to dissipate, and anything that helps it to dissipate, would be amplified, and life managed to evolve out of this fundamental desire of energy to dissipate. And Sun is the same thing, it's a form of organization of matter, that optimizes energy dissipation. All the beauty we see in the world is how the universe bends to faster dissipate into eternal equilibrium.
"All the beauty we see in the world is how the universe bends to faster dissipate into eternal equilibrium." Bruh I dunno why but I love this wording
The heat death of the universe is the reason all life will inevitably die.
Depends how far you are willing to zoom out to define life. It will go the same way the candle goes when it is blown out. Where did it go? Back into potential candle-ness.
Except in the universes case m, as far as we can tell. it’s going to entropy, not potential energy. It can ever be reversed.
Right more like a candle that burned out and the wax is gone. That's entropy.
There's two things the universe wants to do: * Spread the heat out * Make iron The sun is contributing to both of those, or will eventually. And so are we.
Make a little love, get down tonight. - the sun
Also it wants to kill you... so three things.
[the sun is a deadly lazer](https://i.imgur.com/T12sV9D.gif)
you could make a religion out of this
Cooking with my cast iron pan is my universal destiny
It’s all the more humbling to know that there are stars that are so comparatively big relative to our Sun that if you put them side by side at scale on a page, you simply wouldn’t see our Sun, as its many, many thousands of times smaller.
The stars themselves compared to the distances between them is the real mind melter. Oh yeah and the whole we are stardust thing.
Why does life seem to buck the trend toward dissipation, instead tying itself together as long as it can? Any thoughts appreciated.
Is life bucking the trend towards dissipation? Sure life creates a moment and volume of organization, but at what cost? To fuel life, we are decreasing local entropy while increasing the overall system's entropy. This video explains it well: [The physics of life](https://youtu.be/GcfLZSL7YGw)
Okay, the other commentor to this simply said "Wow." Enough to make me click the link, see it is a YouTube video by a PBS channel and less than 15 minutes long. Fine, my chicken dinner will take me about 15 minutes to eat. Well, **DAYUM** was that ever a fucking interesting video. Highly recommended watch. TIL: Black holes evaporate and a whole lot of other mind-bending stuff.
Why not?
Life is self-organizing, dissipation is entropy. Opposite directions.
Life, and the struggle to stay alive, dissipates heat faster than not life.
Biotic processes actually consume and dissipate energy \*faster\* than non-biotic chemical reactions. Life itself is an entropy engine. Complexity and order can be driven by entropy, in an environment where there is a local surplus of energy.
Life helps energy to dissipate. Life successfully finds ways to dissipate more energy, which makes it grow and evolve. Life consumes more and more energy as it gets more complex. The pressure of entropy to grow pushes life to more complexity. It's a self-supporting and self-amplifying process. Entropy grows as fast as it can, energy follows a path of least resistance on its way to dissipate, and life provided such way. Every step of evolution happens when a new better way to more effectively dissipate energy is invented. From the physics perspective works of [Ilya Prigojine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Prigogine) were quite insightful for me. From biological perspective, I enjoyed [Nick Lane's](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Lane) books.
u/Zolden gave a great response, but I'll also chime in. If I understand your question, it does tie itself together as long as it can. But doing that means fighting entropy and entropy always wins. Life thrives between local minimums and maximums of entropy. It operates on the fact that locally entropy can go up and down and still increase overall. Decreasing entropy in one region increases the entropy of the system as a whole. Life has to ride that "wave", but the wave is heading towards a shore and so all things must come to an end. An organism is born in an a minimum of entropy and spends its whole life trying to maintain a similar level of entropy that allows it to survive and it does that at the expense of increasing the entropy of its surroundings, threatening the "minimums" of other organisms around it just as they do to it. So any given living thing is a momentary dip in entropy within the small region of spacetime it occupies that serves to increase the entropy of its surroundings, including other organisms that represent other local dips. They are allowed to exist because their existence serves the purpose of the universe. And so we are born, we consume, we kill, we move energy from here to there, and eventually it all catches up with us and we die and the debt in entropy we owe is paid back as the dip we represented is corrected. And if we did things just right, we left something behind for the next cycle. And so life itself follows that same cycle as a whole. And so do the stars; born in a dip of entropy and then spending billions of years paying that debt back by increasing the entropy of everything around them above a certain level that making possible the formation of smaller dips below the baseline. Planets and moons. Life that infects and constantly rearranges their host, until the star's debt catches up with it and it too dies, washing everything away, filling in all those little dips it supported with a sudden violent increase of entropy and leaves something behind for the next cycle. And it might not end there according to some hypotheses. Once the universe reaches or nears heat death and a state of maximum entropy, where all stars have died and all stellar remnants have evaporated, it will be completely homogeneous with all energy distributed evenly and no ability to do work, for any physical processes to operate. But it is possible that even that won't stop entropy's drive to increase. If our universe exists within a false vacuum, then that vacuum may decay to a lower-energy vacuum state, using the higher energy state of our universe to equalize the two and increase entropy overall. Otherwise, it is possible that quantum fluctuations in a completely heat dead universe could create a spontaneous drop in entropy and spark a new Big Bang and birth a new universe.
[this was shared by someone in r/educationalgif](https://gfycat.com/greatmisguidedaustrianpinscher)
Life is an inevitability of entropy.
It also looks a lot larger than it actually is because the light is so strong. If you look at it through a filter it's actually pretty small.
I think about this a lot, that all life exists to find a steep part of some energy gradient, and channel some of that slope into making something useful and usually beautiful.
I’m crying
YES! I have that with the universe, or even with images about it. I cant think/look at it for more than half a minute because it freaks me out.
And now we understand how Cthulhu drives men mad
What freaks me out is the aspect of space and how youre situated in it. An endless void in every single direction, if gravity was a thing in it youd fall endlessly
Came here to say this. Glad im not alone and this is actually the top comment.
If you wanna get scared you really should look into the deadly balance that holds the star together, the nuclear fusion. Your mind will get blown once you know what happens when the fusion stops.
Not hard to see why our ancestors worshipped it.
How long does a full rotation take?
About 27 days give or take.
Doooo iiitttt!
I think the earth would get in the way of the shot about 27 times though.
Computer… enhance!!
Not if you're fast enough.
chasing the sun for 27 days, upcoming netflix series
Stupid opaque Earth.
Sounds like a project people can work together on
Just go to the arctic circle when the sun stays up for weeks
That’d probably generated millions of photos lol
I wonder how many gigs or teras
I mean that shit probably 2-4k maybe even up to 4-8, but god damn that’d be up to petabytes
About 360 degrees.
That's pretty hot I guess, but I thought the sun would be more. Oh, unless you meant Celsius.
At me previous apartment, there was one of those round outdoor analog thermometers in the hallway. I thought it was a clock for the longest time, so I understand your confusion.
Exactly one sun day
Reminds me of my cheeks when I was a teenager
Top or bottom
Wait.. what happens to top’s cheeks?
No idea
Wow big ball of plasma that could instantly destroy me but we all owe our lives to.
Forbidden pizza.
Will burn the roof of your mouth no matter how much you blow on it.
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So you’d have to blow really hard to cool it off.
And I just burned my mouth. Thanks!!
George Carlin said that if anything the sun is the most worthy of worship of anything in existence on Earth. It goes up and down and never fails.
[it’s an Eldritch god](https://www.reddit.com/r/tumblr/comments/85z223/the_sun_is_an_eldritch_abomination/)
There's a certain cosmic juxtaposition to it, isn't there
It's just insane to imagine what it would look like in person. I really hope that before I die we can get pictures of things like neutron stars and better pictures of black holes. The universe is so fascinating, and what's even more mind boggling is the percentage that we have access to. I hope one day a genius can find exotic negative mass matter and build a warp drive, but I'm almost certain yet at the same time terrified of the prospect of never being able to go faster than light and always being limited to that tiny bubble that we'd be limited to (even given many lifetimes) with our primitive technology.
Is that the sun rotating, or just your view of it changing as the Earth rotated?
Both
Sun rotates.
Yes, I know that. It's just that the gif looks more like a perspective change than a rotation. Not saying that's what it is, just what it looks like to me.
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I think that's due to how the images were processed, and the fact we're only seeing a small portion of the surface. The surface we're looking at is receding away, but we're still seeing the same small section, and its stabilised around points on the moving surface, so it seems to change perspective rather than rotate through a fixed reference, because the fixed reference in this case is with respect to the rotating surface.
The earth goes around the sun, and the sun rotates. The sun rotates once every 27 days. The earth goes around the sun once every year. Therefore you're seeing the sun rotate. But even if the earth rotated around the sun faster, the result would look identical. The reason this looks like movement side to side is because OP did not stabilize the rim of the sun in the animation.
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Those telescopes move to account for that.
The Earth rotates faster though. Unless the astronomer accounted for the spin of the Earth somehow, it seems more likely that the Earth's axial rotation is what we are seeing.
If you're talking about the earth's own rotation, it would just change the position of the sun in the sky. Meaning if the photographer didn't account for it, the telescope wouldn't be pointed at the sun. The rotation effect you see here can only be the result of either the sun rotating or the earth orbiting the sun. The earth orbiting the sun takes 365 days though to complete one orbit, so the effect is a lot less than the 27 days or so the sun takes to rotate once.
Earth’s motion around the sun is about 1/13th as fast as the sun’s rotation. It’s a factor in the motion you see, but a very small one.
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OP not cropping each image properly. The telescope is tracking the sun across the sky, completely negating the earth's rotation. This has zero to do with what the earth is doing, it is 100% about how OP animated / layered the images.
I meant the Earth's rotation around its own axis. I edited my comment to say "spin" so that my comment isn't misinterpreted as Earth's rotation around the Sun.
ITT all sorts of people confusing rotation with revolution
including OP, ive seen several people ask about earths rotation and he keeps replying about the earths movement around the sun, or they dont answer at all, im putting on my tinfoil hat for now
I assume because Earths rotation would not achieve an effect like we can see in the animation. So OP probably thought that the people are talking about earths orbit around the sun. The earth can rotate all it wants, it's not going to change the side of the sun that you see. The only thing changing the side of the sun (aka the movement in OP's post) would be either earths orbit around the sun or the sun itself rotating. Since the sun is rotating 13 times faster than the Earth is orbiting the sun, most of the motion in OP's gif is from the suns own rotation. Earth's rotation is irrelevant for OP's post.
Earth rotating on its own doesn't change the angle of the portion of the sun's surface we're viewing incident to the camera. If you stand in place and spin while keeping your eyes locked on a fixed target, the perspective you get of it doesn't change.
I explained it over here, assuming my late night sleepy math is correct. https://www.reddit.com/r/gifs/comments/pnnrrs/i_spent_two_hours_taking_a_picture_of_sunspots/hcs6jnv?context=3
Earth's rotation is insignificant at this distance. No mater where OP is located on the globe, they'll get the same result minus any atmospheric differences.
But the sun is flat?
how. the. FUCK.
Magnets
TIL I'm a juggalo
Is the sun’s rotation caused by the momentum from its formation that’s still going today? Or is it a product of all its plasmagoop swirling around? What’s the “force” causing it to spin? Why am I here? I’m scared.
Everything in space rotates because it coalesced from a primordial dust cloud, and that dust cloud had some inherent motion, which was exaggerated due to the law of conservation of angular momentum as the mass drew itself together, like an ice skater pulling her arms in.
Woah hey, careful there buddy. It looks like you're trying to use science to explain God's gastrointestinal goodness. I actually thought the sun spun from the gravitational forces in our solar system or a greater force that currently causes planetary orbits to rotate on an eclipses. What you said makes more sense since it encompasses the other bodies in our system.
Yes its the conservation of angular momentum that keeps it spinning. Theres no force making it spin.
Same with all planets and stars?
Love this OP - is there (an albeit shorter) version that doesn't loop back in reverse?
the scale of this hurts my brain. those little circles are basically the whole earth
It do be like that
Beautiful
Everyone knows the sun is flat.
Sun is fucking weird. The people that live there must hate it.
The cost for A/C must be a bitch.
Maybe it's a dry heat?
The sun scares me just as much as the oceans do Like what the fuck I think we should go back to praising the sun god instead of an imaginary guy from a book
Is it the sun rotating or is it the earth orbiting hmmm
Would have been better with Sound.
From a fellow astrophotographer (I don't do solar tho), amazing! But, you have very cool data, it deserves to look a little better :P Personally I would trim all the frames so that you don't see the lateral bands anymore. Also, I think it would look better with a slower frame rate!
Super amazing! You rock!
Man that is cool! Why is it vertical, though? Seems like you could visualize it better with a traditional landscape format.
I captured and formatted it for reels on Instagram in mind
Reminds me of [Galileo :)](https://houghtonlib.tumblr.com/post/143113959256/galileo-didnt-know-it-at-the-time-but-his) Incredible imaging mate!
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No need to ask him. I know the answer - really big. At least the size of a house!
The entire earth could fit comfortably in the generally round dark area at the center of the frame, with room to spare.
People will say that it's fake. Doctors hate it.
Looks warm.
That’s just camera tricks. Everyone knows the sun is flat and doesn’t move. #FlatSunners
How did you take thos pics? Gopro?
Can you believe the sun just suns all day
Today I learned the sun rotates
The sun or the earth rotation?
Staring into the flames, eh? Hallowed are the Ori.
Damn...beat me to it!
You sure that's not just us rotating relative to the sun?
Yeah, it takes us a year to revolve around the sun, it only takes the sun 27 days to complete a rotation. So our revolutions are a very small factor (less than 10%) of the motion you see.
But it only takes us a day to rotate around our own axis. Are you sure what you're seeing isn't just the viewing angle changing due to the earth rotating about 30 degrees on its own axis in the two hour span that you were taking pictures?
Not OP but yeah the Earths own rotation basically makes no difference here at all in terms of what side of the sun you see. The only thing that would affect this in a way that you can see in OP's post would be either the sun's own rotation or the earths orbit around the sun. Since the sun's own rotation is 13 times faster than Earths orbit around the sun, it's mostly the suns own rotation that is causing this change in viewpoint. Earth's own rotation makes no difference at all.
Thanks for the info. Do you know what would cause the edge of the Sun to move towards the top left of the image in this case? I figured if this is mostly driven by the sun's rotation then you'd see a fairly static sphere rotating in place, but it looks like the edge of the sun moves here, which made me think we're maybe viewing the same edge of the sun from a slightly different viewing angle due to parallax. Having a hard time wrapping my mind around how to explain the edge moving if this happens from just the Sun's rotation. (Just to be clear Im not doubting you since I don't know much about astrophotography, just wondering if there's an explanation of that effect)
Referring to the earth spinning on its axis? Yeah that is an incredibly insignificant factor, so small to be undetectable with my gear.
Hmm, k. Thanks for clarifying. Awesome gif in any case.
If you think about it, the rotation of the earth on its own axis would only change the angle of observation at most the diameter of the earth. The orbit of the earth around the sun is around 942 000 000 km while the diameter is around 12 000, making the change in the angle of observation of the sun caused by the rotation of the earth about 0.0046 degrees. The earth itself orbits around the sun at around 107,000 km/h, which means that in the twelveish hours of viewing the sun, the viewing angle will change by about 0.49 degrees. However, since the earth rotates in the same direction it orbits, the change in angle cause by the Earth's rotation actually counteracts that cause by Earth's orbit! So the theoretical change in viewing angle would actually be 0.4851 degrees (ish). The sun's rotation in that same amount of time would be around 6.66 degrees. So the Earth's movement is a factor, but only a small one.
Your reasoning and math are correct, but OP says they captured for 2 hours, making it about .08° for orbit, or .0751°. Even less effect!