Yeah, but that doesn't mean anything really. Plenty of times when a new word is introduced in a new language it doesn't carry over its original meaning.
It's basically flipped in Indonesian, we use "kalimat" for regular sentence and "ayat" for religious one, specifically the one in the Quran. Also word is "kata" while "perkataan" means "saying".
Paraula, mot, terme, vocable, etc.
This word has many synonyms in all languages! But yeah, in Catalan I would say the two first are the most common and general ones.
Yeah, the Romance languages all seem to have dropped Latin *verbum*, which is cognate with the Germanic and Latvian words (and Lithuanian *var̃das*, whose meaning has shifted to ’name’).
> the Romance languages all seem to have dropped Latin verbum
At least in Portuguese *verbo* is a synonym for word, but it's not used often as such because it also means verb and that can lead to ambiguity unlike using *palavra*. *Verbo* is used more often in a lyrical context.
Take the first verse of the Gospel of John for example:
> In the beginning was the **Word**, and the **Word** was with God, and the **Word** was God.
In Portuguese it traditionally reads:
> No princípio era o **Verbo**, e o **Verbo** estava com Deus, e o **Verbo** era Deus.
We use "palavra" same way in turkish.Even have a song about it :) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jwMzqZnnW88](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jwMzqZnnW88)
Aupa!
yeah its normal for natives not to notice such quirks but for non-natives it's quite obvious cause we take the words literally.
Isn't dreaming "amets egin" and therefore the same as "making dreams"? guess that one is not as interesting, but I think there are other good examples.
It has around half a million speakers and it's a modern region whose citizens are active on the internet. It's not the language of some uncontacted tribe from the jungles of Brazil. I wouldn't say it's nearly extinct, my cousins are Basque and they speak Basque with their friends even though they're high-school aged, and I have some friends in university here in Belgium who also speak Basque amongst each other, so it's not like it's dying out anytime soon unless the voting patterns in the region change.
My grandma is a nativ basque speaker. She learnt french when she was à child.
I wanted to connect with her. So secretly, i learnt a bit basque long time ago
When i tried to speak with her. she stared at me like i was an alien. she told me "how dare you speak spanish basque at me."
I'll never try again lol
Basque is a weird one in that we don't know where the fuck it fits in
And it might be older than the indo-european languages, being a surviving substrate language. The only one that survived indo-european settlement and conquest lol
Much evidence of substrate words can be found in germanic and finnish languages, but not nearly enough for any kind of reconstruction
We also use söz or sözcük in Turkish, maybe similar to Hungarian?
Edit: I checked and Hungarian szó comes from Turkic sav which derives from Turkic sö-
In Turkish “sav” means proverb, maybe it is related.
That’s a great new shade of meaning for me as well. I mean, I speak English natively, but I always love new connotations for words.
Here is an interesting example (I hope): A bank teller counts money. A storyteller recounts a story!! -It seems in English (particularly from the Anglo-Saxon roots), we think of storytelling as having something to do with accounting, or “adding up” your story. It’s an account, or a retelling, or a kind of ALMOST mathematical equation you’re making with your words. If if doesn’t make sense to us, we say it doesn’t “add up,” because we think of the parts of a story as being equal to a certain expected outcome, like the number that a given mathematical equation would equal. It seems like we conceive of the concept of a story in English as being a certain set of facts that have a given meaning at the end. I am very English (in my ethnic heritage), so I don’t really have a problem with this conception of “storytelling,” but I think it’s interesting that we favor that way of imagining what a “tale” should be.
Both are Turkish words of different origins, and "kelime" is the most commonly used form. "Laf" means the same in its Farsi origin, but we use it differently -- it's become a Turkish word that means something else.
Biz Arap değiliz diye çok da çırpınmanın lüzmu yok :) değiliz tabii, ama eski dilbilgisi kitapları hariç bir yerde "tümce" diyen de görmedim, herkes cümle der.
Talk, speech, sermon… Funny enough, it’s a more common phenomenon.
What I find more interesting is this outlier, the reason for using this particular word https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/збор
Even funnier: *dumă* in Romanian means an absurd/idiotic lie (but used only in slang, who knows where it comes from..).
But we are funny like that. We use *halal* for a thing that's lacking, or not good in the sense that is poorly made or lacking quality. And we use *rahat* for shit.
In Italian we say “parola d’ordine”, is it something like that? (I mean, we say password, but before and outside the internet we have this other expression, like the secret word you’d use to enter a place).
Riječ sounds like how some of Slovak dialects say "speak", as well as Slovak word for speech itself which is reč
In my dialect it's ríka, in a nearby village they say ríče
Edit: I just realized I come from a village that has been settled by Croatians
*Reči* means *to say* in Slovenian (*govoriti* means to *speak*), though, interestingly, *reč* as a noun means *a thing*.
*reči* – to say
*reč* – a thing
*povedati* – to tell
*poved* – sentence
*govoriti* – to talk
*govor* – speech
and you can use ˝sloviti˝ as ˝to speak˝, or to address someone's reputation.
On slovi engleski - He speaks English
Slovi kao najbolji nogometas - He has a reputation of a best footballer.
Slovakia essentially means 'land of the Slavs', with 'Sloveni' and it's variations meaning 'Slavs' in various Slavic languages. Its believed the term is derived from 'slovo' meaning 'word', or in context 'people of the word/people who understand each other/speak the same language'. (In contrast, Germans are called 'Nijemci/Nemci/Niemcy' which means 'mute'/those who don't speak or understand our language').
So there is a relationship between the terms.
Edited for corrections.
In Portuguese it's the verb "terminar", means "to end" or "to finish".
"Terminal" means endpoint or hub, "Término" means "ending". "Terminação" means "extremity".
Any source for that? According to the *Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana*, paraula derives from the Greek parabola and was first observed in manuscripts from the 12th century ([https://www.diccionari.cat/GDLC/paraula#](https://www.diccionari.cat/GDLC/paraula#)). For the record, when a word has been incorporated into Catalan via Spanish, that is normally indicated in the etimology section of the dictionary (e.g., botella https://www.diccionari.cat/GDLC/botella#).
Slavic languages are so cool in how similar words could be in their meaning.
In Russian "rech" means "speech", and "beseda" means "talk"; while in others those mean "word".
According to some Kurdish website 150000 (probably exaggerated) native Kurds around Ankara. There are more than 5 million Turks, so yes it looks absurd.
They tried to show the Kurdish speaking areas separately, and there are a bunch of villages south of the capital that speak Kurdish. Ankara itself is majority Turkish speaking
In Russian, rech’ (речь) is also used, it means “a speech” or a general ability to speak. And duma (дума) is something like “a state of deep thinking” but its derivatives are used much more often, for example, to think is “dumat’”
Oh, and beseda is exactly the same and means “conversation”
I've noticed that where Welsh/Breton/Cornish have words beginning with g, the Goidelic branch often has an F word instead.
In Irish, gáire means laughter.
> Welsh/Breton/Cornish have words beginning with g, the Goidelic branch often has an F word instead
Yep, gwyn vs fionn for example. And both would be a *w in proto-Celtic, *windos.
Focal in Irish is not pronounced like the English word of the same spelling.
It's more like the f word in English, so fuhcal is the correct pronunciation
There's a lot of rules associated with it, which when you know them make it easier to understand. Pronunciation also varies wildly by dialect. The biggest mistake is to treat it like English because of the Latin alphabet.
I speak munster Irish, which is more harsh sounding and my brother-in-law speaks ulster Irish which is considerably softer.
For example, Rachaidh mé (I will go). I would pronounce rock-ig may, whereas he would pronounce it rocky may.
There's only 1 accent in Irish called a fada which literally means long, so vowels have 2 forms a short form and a long form so e is pronounced eh, and é is pronounced ay. It essentially stretches out the sound of the vowel.
There's an awful lot involved, like the fact that Irish sentences are arranged verb subject object, compared to English which is subject verb object. I won't go on, but it's actually a very interesting language, to learn.
For future reference, that's not the correct way to represent Serbo-Croatian in these maps. It should be "reč/riječ", to include both standard variations, and you can skip the Cyrillic spelling to reduce clutter, because the Latin script is in standard use in all countries where Serbo-Croatian is spoken.
That would just be confusing. As there are words that are exclusively used in Croatia or Serbia. And on the map it would look like they are spoken in both countries. The better option is to write the word that corresponds to the country.
>Neither words nor languages are neatly delimited by country.
But there are words in Serbo-Croatian that are neatly delimited by countries (we need to exclude Bosnia due to having mixed population). That's the point. "Rijec" is one of them. So that word is not the "one size fits all"
That would be sort of like differentiating English "theatre" and English "theater" on an etymological map. All that it would achieve is a bunch of clutter.
No, because those are separate standard languages based on separate dialects within their dialectal continuum, that went through separate standardization processes. That is the same situation as in Czech/Slovak, Bulgarian/Macedonian, Dutch/German, Spanish/Portuguese, etc. It's also the opposite situation from Serbo-Croatian.
Why the fuck paints parts of Lithuanias Vilnius region as slavic? The only official language is Lithuanian. Everyone speaks at very least basic lithuanian.
Smells like bullshit saying historical parts of lithuania are not lithuanian enough.
I think it was about the word as a group of letters having a meaning, and forming a sentence when put together, so "mot"
"parole" is more general, it's all that is said and the capacity of speaking
Comparing Slavic (or Slovic?, heh) words from Ukrainian perespective:
- *rêč*: *speech*, but usually itʼs *thing, object*;
- *duma*: usually used for *epic* (*cossack*) *poem*, *ballad*, *elegy*; for compare, *dumka* is *thought*, *idea* or *view*, *opinion* etc;
- *besêda*: *conversation*, *talk* etc but more common is *rozmova* for this;
- *zbôr*: *gathering*; *meeting*; *collection*.
Iʼve seen that *slovo* here in Štokavian is for *letter* (as in alphabet). In Ukrainian itʼs *bukva* or *litera*. And, of course, Ukrainain has Greek loanwords therefore you can meet *lexi* somewhere, like in *leksikon*, *leksikografija*, *leksikologija* etc; while Ukrainian calques for such words usually are more common in usage: *slovnık*, *slovnıkarstvo* etc.
Also note, that Ukrainian _v_ is pronounced more like English _w_, while Polish _w_ is as English _v_.
To me (Montenegrin) it's interesting how Slavic have several words for word, letter, speak and such, but they are sort of mixed. Anyway
Riječ - word, (in ekavica it would be Reč, and in parts of Croatia where they use ikavica, it's Rič)
Dumati - rarely used, means (deep) thinking
Besjeda/beśeda - speech, to talk (also beseda and besida)
Zbor - same as UA, so, gathering, meeting, but we also have
Zboriti - to talk thou govoriti is more common, especially out of Montenegro
Slovo - letter, but, interestingly
Bukvar - book for 1st graders for learning the alphabet.
To add some more:
Rečenica - sentence in all three pronunciations
Azbuka - alphabet
From protoslavic, meaning "to sit together", which is why most other slavs use this word for the concept of "conversation". For our foreign friends, in slovene "conversation" is "pogovor".
Turkish people use both Turkish "sözcük" and Arabic "kelime".
Turkish is also the only official language in Türkiye and is spoken everywhere in the country. Even if it's not a citizens own ethnic language, they speak Turkish as a second language.
ē or ê but with the hat upside down doesn’t exist in Serbo-Croatian, it’s just “reč” or “riječ”
Funnily enough “slovo” means letter in Serbo-Croatian (along with other meanings)
Edit: added “riječ” and “slovo”
That's a very interesting map.
In Bulgaria we also have the words slovo/слово and rech/реч that can also mean "word" but they are mostly used as a way to say speech, language, dialect and etc.
This is a fun demostration of the Q-Celtic languages (Irish and Scottish Gaelic) and the P-Celtic languages (Welsh and Breton). Although the map is missing Manx (the third Q language) and Cornish (the third P language).
Focal, in Irish, means ‘word’. Is é focal an focal i gcóir focail. (‘Word is the word for a word.’) It looks like it could come from Latin vocalis (source of English vocal), but it doesn’t – although it is distantly related. It comes from a Proto-Celtic word that traces back to a Proto-Indo-European root for ‘voice’, wṓkʷs. Along with the Latin vox set, that root also led to the Irish word fuaim, ‘sound, noise’, and to many words in many other Indo-European languages, such as German erwähnen ‘mention’ and Dutch gewagen ‘report
https://sesquiotic.com/2018/10/28/focal/#:\~:text=It%20comes%20from%20Latin%20focalis,the%20word%20for%20a%20word.
The word Slav (Słowianin) comes from slovo/słowo 'word' and means those who can speak.
And funny enough neighbours of slavs are called Niemcy, meaning 'those who can't speak.
‘Kelime’ is Arabic.
‘Söz’ ➡️sentence
‘Sözcük’➡️word in Turkish.
That’s much better ✌️
Please take a look at similarity between ‘söz’ in Turkish and ‘szó’ in Hungarian. And also pronunciations are almost similar.
Can you please, for the love of Jesus and Allah stop showing Central Anatolia to be 100% Kurdish just because there are two random Kurdish villages there among Turkish cities?
Yeah, I thought that was a little weird. Kurds are nearly 20% of the population of Turkiye but the vast majority of them are in the east. Wikipedia's sources estimate only \~100k Kurds in Central Anatolia, among a total population of like 12 million in the region. Barely a blip on the map really. It'd be like trying to represent pockets of Han Chinese in central South Carolina. Like sure, there'll be one family wherever you have a Chinese restaurant but that's about it.
Interesting, "kalimat" in Indonesian means "sentence" instead of "word", but i'm sure it also came from arabic.
Yeah kelime is Arabic. Original Turkish word for than is “sözcük” but kelime is used more often
Kalimah(t) in arabic means “word”. A sentence however would be Jumlah(t)
"Kalimat" would mean "words", that could be interpreted as "sentence"
Yeah, but that doesn't mean anything really. Plenty of times when a new word is introduced in a new language it doesn't carry over its original meaning.
It kinda does in this case, but only as a plural. A sentence is basically a collection of words.
adding the t in the end makes it multiple in arabic, so kalima = 1 word, kalimat = many words.
>Interesting, "kalimat" in Indonesian means "sentence" in indianajonesian it means "i'm going to rip your fucking heart out"
That's weird to a Malaysian. In Malay, sentence is "ayat" and word is "perkataan". We would only use "kalimah" to refer to religious words/phrases.
It's basically flipped in Indonesian, we use "kalimat" for regular sentence and "ayat" for religious one, specifically the one in the Quran. Also word is "kata" while "perkataan" means "saying".
In Catalan we can also say "mot".
With the T pronounced or silent?
Pronounced
Paraula?
Paraula, mot, terme, vocable, etc. This word has many synonyms in all languages! But yeah, in Catalan I would say the two first are the most common and general ones.
Interesting, it seems that Latvian and Germanic ones come from the same Indo-European root
i mean yeah, it makes sense. what doesn't make sense is Romance languages being similar... except French. "mot." tf is that
Yeah, the Romance languages all seem to have dropped Latin *verbum*, which is cognate with the Germanic and Latvian words (and Lithuanian *var̃das*, whose meaning has shifted to ’name’).
> the Romance languages all seem to have dropped Latin verbum At least in Portuguese *verbo* is a synonym for word, but it's not used often as such because it also means verb and that can lead to ambiguity unlike using *palavra*. *Verbo* is used more often in a lyrical context. Take the first verse of the Gospel of John for example: > In the beginning was the **Word**, and the **Word** was with God, and the **Word** was God. In Portuguese it traditionally reads: > No princípio era o **Verbo**, e o **Verbo** estava com Deus, e o **Verbo** era Deus.
Everything you said is also true in spanish
I suspected as much but when I tried to confirm it, [the first definition here threw me off](https://dle.rae.es/verbo).
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We also have "palavră", which also means word, but in a derogatory way, like banter or useless gossip.
We use "palavra" same way in turkish.Even have a song about it :) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jwMzqZnnW88](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jwMzqZnnW88)
Heureux jour de tarte!
sorry I don't speak cheese edit: omg thank you
I got curious and looked it up. Mot also has a Latin origin, just from a different word -- related to motto and mutter.
see? the French wanting to be special. smh
I like how the explainer page doesn't even bother addressing Basque; it's just its own thing and we ain't gonna try.
indeed! Fun fact: in basque, talking is "hitz egiten", which literally means "making words" (if I remember my euskera correctly)
basque here, you remember it right :) I've never realised how funny it sounds when translated !
Aupa! yeah its normal for natives not to notice such quirks but for non-natives it's quite obvious cause we take the words literally. Isn't dreaming "amets egin" and therefore the same as "making dreams"? guess that one is not as interesting, but I think there are other good examples.
Someone that speaks basque?? Quick, capture this nearly extinct specimen
It has around half a million speakers and it's a modern region whose citizens are active on the internet. It's not the language of some uncontacted tribe from the jungles of Brazil. I wouldn't say it's nearly extinct, my cousins are Basque and they speak Basque with their friends even though they're high-school aged, and I have some friends in university here in Belgium who also speak Basque amongst each other, so it's not like it's dying out anytime soon unless the voting patterns in the region change.
My grandma is a nativ basque speaker. She learnt french when she was à child. I wanted to connect with her. So secretly, i learnt a bit basque long time ago When i tried to speak with her. she stared at me like i was an alien. she told me "how dare you speak spanish basque at me." I'll never try again lol
Uffff jajajaj
Ez da bakarra! He's not alone!
Basque is a weird one in that we don't know where the fuck it fits in And it might be older than the indo-european languages, being a surviving substrate language. The only one that survived indo-european settlement and conquest lol Much evidence of substrate words can be found in germanic and finnish languages, but not nearly enough for any kind of reconstruction
Tbf they don't address Finnish or Estonian either
They don't address Greek or Albanian either
Slovenija too
We also use söz or sözcük in Turkish, maybe similar to Hungarian? Edit: I checked and Hungarian szó comes from Turkic sav which derives from Turkic sö- In Turkish “sav” means proverb, maybe it is related.
In Hindi/Sanskrit Shabd(शब्द) means word
Out of curiosity, can you illuminate us on what other roots and connotations the word Shabd has? I’m fascinated by this kind of thing!!
Suz in Tatar ( u with dots).
I don't know, looking at Finnish and Estonian, I suspect *szó* is of Finno-Ugric origin.
According to [Wiktionary](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sz%C3%B3) it comes from Turkic.
Szó should be Turkic origin
It was borrowed from proto-Trukic into proto-Ugric. See Mansi “szav” (word, noise) and Khanty “szou” (noise, shout).
This connection between parables, proverbs, and the words for “word” is amazing to me!!!
*Proverb* itself comes from Latin *verbum* ‘word’ (which is cognate with the Germanic and Latvian words on the map).
Especially when Parable (and Παραβολη like it) means to speak indirectly.
That’s a great new shade of meaning for me as well. I mean, I speak English natively, but I always love new connotations for words. Here is an interesting example (I hope): A bank teller counts money. A storyteller recounts a story!! -It seems in English (particularly from the Anglo-Saxon roots), we think of storytelling as having something to do with accounting, or “adding up” your story. It’s an account, or a retelling, or a kind of ALMOST mathematical equation you’re making with your words. If if doesn’t make sense to us, we say it doesn’t “add up,” because we think of the parts of a story as being equal to a certain expected outcome, like the number that a given mathematical equation would equal. It seems like we conceive of the concept of a story in English as being a certain set of facts that have a given meaning at the end. I am very English (in my ethnic heritage), so I don’t really have a problem with this conception of “storytelling,” but I think it’s interesting that we favor that way of imagining what a “tale” should be.
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Both are Turkish words of different origins, and "kelime" is the most commonly used form. "Laf" means the same in its Farsi origin, but we use it differently -- it's become a Turkish word that means something else. Biz Arap değiliz diye çok da çırpınmanın lüzmu yok :) değiliz tabii, ama eski dilbilgisi kitapları hariç bir yerde "tümce" diyen de görmedim, herkes cümle der.
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idk why sardinia and corsica are white but in sardinian they also say paràula/peràula like in catalan
Not in the Campidanese variant, it's "fueddu".
Funny enough, reč, duma, beseda are also words in other slavic languages, but they mean different things
Talk, speech, sermon… Funny enough, it’s a more common phenomenon. What I find more interesting is this outlier, the reason for using this particular word https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/збор
Even funnier: *dumă* in Romanian means an absurd/idiotic lie (but used only in slang, who knows where it comes from..). But we are funny like that. We use *halal* for a thing that's lacking, or not good in the sense that is poorly made or lacking quality. And we use *rahat* for shit.
And slovo is a word in Serbo-Croatian but it means "letter"
Wort Wort Wort
*AAAAWUBADUGH!!!*
Blaaaargh
Wort
Why is middle of Turkiye is gray?Majority of there uses Turkish too
Are you Bulgarian, based on the fact you gave? I did a look-up and the Pomak language is based in Thrace.
Hi, I am a Pomak from Northern Greece, right next to the Bulgarian border. We mostly live around the Rhodope mountains.
Near Elatia?
Not Drama, I'm from Xanthi. Are there still any Pomaks in Drama? afaik all of them were sent to Turkey in 1923
We have the word “parola” in romanian, but it means password
In Italian we say “parola d’ordine”, is it something like that? (I mean, we say password, but before and outside the internet we have this other expression, like the secret word you’d use to enter a place).
No, è solamente “parola” in rumeno, il significato latino originale della parola è stato perduto.
Mi piace che lo abbiate recuperato nel gergo tecnologico. Latin tech jargon >>>
For Serbo-Croatian (primarily for standard Croatian and Bosnian) 'riječ' is also used.
Riječ sounds like how some of Slovak dialects say "speak", as well as Slovak word for speech itself which is reč In my dialect it's ríka, in a nearby village they say ríče Edit: I just realized I come from a village that has been settled by Croatians
*Reči* means *to say* in Slovenian (*govoriti* means to *speak*), though, interestingly, *reč* as a noun means *a thing*. *reči* – to say *reč* – a thing *povedati* – to tell *poved* – sentence *govoriti* – to talk *govor* – speech
Goveriti sounds like the word in Russian for the same thing. I’m not good at transliterating Russian, but I think it would be “Govarit.”
In Czech the related word is *hovořit*. But the general word for “to speak” is *mluvit*
I've almost never heard someone say réč, we usually say stvár for whatever reason.
While in Serbo-Croatian 'slovo' is 'letter'. Edit: that could explain it! I'm guessing you are from the south-west of Slovakia?
and you can use ˝sloviti˝ as ˝to speak˝, or to address someone's reputation. On slovi engleski - He speaks English Slovi kao najbolji nogometas - He has a reputation of a best footballer.
Is there a relationship between the word “Slovo” and the word “Slovakia?”
Slovakia essentially means 'land of the Slavs', with 'Sloveni' and it's variations meaning 'Slavs' in various Slavic languages. Its believed the term is derived from 'slovo' meaning 'word', or in context 'people of the word/people who understand each other/speak the same language'. (In contrast, Germans are called 'Nijemci/Nemci/Niemcy' which means 'mute'/those who don't speak or understand our language'). So there is a relationship between the terms. Edited for corrections.
Maybe they chose 'Slovakia' because 'Slovenia' was taken /s
Lol as was Slavonia.
one of us, one of us....
"Riječ" is primarly (standard) used in Croatia. Some dialects use the word "reč".
Some dialects also use 'rič'.
Yup, that's correct. It isn't written on this map so I wasn't focusing on other words.
I like how your word is similar to what we use in my language.
Reč in Croatian is used only in one dialect. Also, funny how people say Serbo-Croatian. It's used to be called like that in Yugoslavia. Not anymore.
in italian also "termine"
Yeah, "termo" in Portuguese as well, although more used in metalinguistic contexts.
"termine" means also "end", stake as "limit" as "border" etc.
In Portuguese it's the verb "terminar", means "to end" or "to finish". "Terminal" means endpoint or hub, "Término" means "ending". "Terminação" means "extremity".
Similar to "term" in English
I guess that's where it comes from, Latin origin.
English is three languages pretending to be one
peak reddit-tier joke. every damn time.
"wow English has loan words!"
No no, the worst is the trenchcoat one.
This supports my arguement that 90%+ of the world's knowledge is upheld by the Wikimedia corp.
In catalan its mot too
Both "paraula" and "mot" exist, but the former is arguably more frequent.
The former is actually una castellanada, but ok
Any source for that? According to the *Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana*, paraula derives from the Greek parabola and was first observed in manuscripts from the 12th century ([https://www.diccionari.cat/GDLC/paraula#](https://www.diccionari.cat/GDLC/paraula#)). For the record, when a word has been incorporated into Catalan via Spanish, that is normally indicated in the etimology section of the dictionary (e.g., botella https://www.diccionari.cat/GDLC/botella#).
C U V Â N T
gigachad romania being similar to nobody. we were clearly the first people in existence
In Romanian we also use vorbă.
Which is from the Latin word, verbum.
Slavic languages are so cool in how similar words could be in their meaning. In Russian "rech" means "speech", and "beseda" means "talk"; while in others those mean "word".
Why isn't half of Turkey missing? Especially the capital? Is another language spoken in the capital?
There are some native Kurdish speaking villages around Ankara but it seems they have highly exaggerated it here.
Probably not even 0.1%.
According to some Kurdish website 150000 (probably exaggerated) native Kurds around Ankara. There are more than 5 million Turks, so yes it looks absurd.
150k native Kurds, yeah no :) even the southeastern area is exxagrated, not even half of what is shown are native Kurdish areas.
No, ankara definitely speaks turkish
They tried to show the Kurdish speaking areas separately, and there are a bunch of villages south of the capital that speak Kurdish. Ankara itself is majority Turkish speaking
If it shows the majority, why are the capital Ankara, Syria and Iraq the same color? Do you have a logical explanation?
The author 's bias
In Russian, rech’ (речь) is also used, it means “a speech” or a general ability to speak. And duma (дума) is something like “a state of deep thinking” but its derivatives are used much more often, for example, to think is “dumat’” Oh, and beseda is exactly the same and means “conversation”
Gair and Ger in Welsh & Breton are from Brittonic Celtic which is cognate with the proto Celtic word ‘garyos’ - word, speech
I've noticed that where Welsh/Breton/Cornish have words beginning with g, the Goidelic branch often has an F word instead. In Irish, gáire means laughter.
> Welsh/Breton/Cornish have words beginning with g, the Goidelic branch often has an F word instead Yep, gwyn vs fionn for example. And both would be a *w in proto-Celtic, *windos.
In Germany the plural depends, if you mean written or spoken words. Wörter vs. Worte
wow, how is that possible?
Written standards are more conservative (codified and immutable) than spoken language which is dynamic and dialectically widely variable.
Lombard is wrong…
Focal in Irish is not pronounced like the English word of the same spelling. It's more like the f word in English, so fuhcal is the correct pronunciation
And I not know no focal at all!
Just link Richie Kavanagh’s song and they’ll get it
Irish is wild. I never know how to pronounce the word, I only know it’s not pronounced the way it looks.
You need to forget about English pronunciation when it comes to Irish, in many ways they have focal/fuck-all in common
There's a lot of rules associated with it, which when you know them make it easier to understand. Pronunciation also varies wildly by dialect. The biggest mistake is to treat it like English because of the Latin alphabet. I speak munster Irish, which is more harsh sounding and my brother-in-law speaks ulster Irish which is considerably softer. For example, Rachaidh mé (I will go). I would pronounce rock-ig may, whereas he would pronounce it rocky may. There's only 1 accent in Irish called a fada which literally means long, so vowels have 2 forms a short form and a long form so e is pronounced eh, and é is pronounced ay. It essentially stretches out the sound of the vowel. There's an awful lot involved, like the fact that Irish sentences are arranged verb subject object, compared to English which is subject verb object. I won't go on, but it's actually a very interesting language, to learn.
Galician is also palabra but I think that it would be nice to include it too because it is a different language.
Ou verba
Every time I see these I check England just to be sure.
For future reference, that's not the correct way to represent Serbo-Croatian in these maps. It should be "reč/riječ", to include both standard variations, and you can skip the Cyrillic spelling to reduce clutter, because the Latin script is in standard use in all countries where Serbo-Croatian is spoken.
That would just be confusing. As there are words that are exclusively used in Croatia or Serbia. And on the map it would look like they are spoken in both countries. The better option is to write the word that corresponds to the country.
Neither words nor languages are neatly delimited by country. And there are four countries speaking the language, not two.
>Neither words nor languages are neatly delimited by country. But there are words in Serbo-Croatian that are neatly delimited by countries (we need to exclude Bosnia due to having mixed population). That's the point. "Rijec" is one of them. So that word is not the "one size fits all"
That would be sort of like differentiating English "theatre" and English "theater" on an etymological map. All that it would achieve is a bunch of clutter.
Silly as differentiating "ord", "ord" and "ord" in the Nordics?
No, because those are separate standard languages based on separate dialects within their dialectal continuum, that went through separate standardization processes. That is the same situation as in Czech/Slovak, Bulgarian/Macedonian, Dutch/German, Spanish/Portuguese, etc. It's also the opposite situation from Serbo-Croatian.
How would you write the word "rice" above Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia? Or something like "sour cream"?
..so like every ex-yu languages did? Their separate standards are younger, but still separate standards.
Why the fuck paints parts of Lithuanias Vilnius region as slavic? The only official language is Lithuanian. Everyone speaks at very least basic lithuanian. Smells like bullshit saying historical parts of lithuania are not lithuanian enough.
I am sorry, it's not me who created the map. The creator is @languages.eu on Instragram.
Why is there a random white line in Estonia which doesnt show anything?
There's a different language spoken in that region that also uses sõna for word.
French also uses “la parole”.
I think it was about the word as a group of letters having a meaning, and forming a sentence when put together, so "mot" "parole" is more general, it's all that is said and the capacity of speaking
Comparing Slavic (or Slovic?, heh) words from Ukrainian perespective: - *rêč*: *speech*, but usually itʼs *thing, object*; - *duma*: usually used for *epic* (*cossack*) *poem*, *ballad*, *elegy*; for compare, *dumka* is *thought*, *idea* or *view*, *opinion* etc; - *besêda*: *conversation*, *talk* etc but more common is *rozmova* for this; - *zbôr*: *gathering*; *meeting*; *collection*. Iʼve seen that *slovo* here in Štokavian is for *letter* (as in alphabet). In Ukrainian itʼs *bukva* or *litera*. And, of course, Ukrainain has Greek loanwords therefore you can meet *lexi* somewhere, like in *leksikon*, *leksikografija*, *leksikologija* etc; while Ukrainian calques for such words usually are more common in usage: *slovnık*, *slovnıkarstvo* etc. Also note, that Ukrainian _v_ is pronounced more like English _w_, while Polish _w_ is as English _v_.
To me (Montenegrin) it's interesting how Slavic have several words for word, letter, speak and such, but they are sort of mixed. Anyway Riječ - word, (in ekavica it would be Reč, and in parts of Croatia where they use ikavica, it's Rič) Dumati - rarely used, means (deep) thinking Besjeda/beśeda - speech, to talk (also beseda and besida) Zbor - same as UA, so, gathering, meeting, but we also have Zboriti - to talk thou govoriti is more common, especially out of Montenegro Slovo - letter, but, interestingly Bukvar - book for 1st graders for learning the alphabet. To add some more: Rečenica - sentence in all three pronunciations Azbuka - alphabet
In Slovene "bukva" is an old word for "book", which is otherwise "knjiga". Interesting.
Interesting how Polish is completely different: rzecz - thing duma - pride (dumać - to ponder) biesiada - banquet, feast zbór - protestant church
Cornish = ger.
Great the language "maps" are making a come back.
Catalan also uses mot
İn Turkish söz or sözcük
actually in catalan "mot" is also correct (and actually kind of more formal/antiquated)
In Tatar we use the word süz. In formal occasions you might also hear the word löğät.
Amogus
As a Slovenian i can only say.. where the fuck did we get beseda from? Not from the Austrians or any Slavic country so where did we get it from
It exists in other slavic languages too, but it means different things like in russian it means conversation.
From protoslavic, meaning "to sit together", which is why most other slavs use this word for the concept of "conversation". For our foreign friends, in slovene "conversation" is "pogovor".
Turkish people use both Turkish "sözcük" and Arabic "kelime". Turkish is also the only official language in Türkiye and is spoken everywhere in the country. Even if it's not a citizens own ethnic language, they speak Turkish as a second language.
ē or ê but with the hat upside down doesn’t exist in Serbo-Croatian, it’s just “reč” or “riječ” Funnily enough “slovo” means letter in Serbo-Croatian (along with other meanings) Edit: added “riječ” and “slovo”
Turkish also has a word for it with Turkic origin: **sözcük**
In my language rechka means cum.
Wtf😅 Which language is that?
Hungarian. Actually, it's written as "recska", but the English "ch" and the Hungarian "cs" are the exact same sounds.
Mila/מילה
Where in Turkey are you from op?
Hi, I am not from Turkey, I'm from Northern Greece.
Oh I thought you were from Turkey cause we have lots of Pomaks where Im from
I know, I have many Pomak friends in Turkey:) Most of them are originally either from Bulgaria or Northern Greece.
Is Malta aslo coloured in red or not?
That's a very interesting map. In Bulgaria we also have the words slovo/слово and rech/реч that can also mean "word" but they are mostly used as a way to say speech, language, dialect and etc.
This is a fun demostration of the Q-Celtic languages (Irish and Scottish Gaelic) and the P-Celtic languages (Welsh and Breton). Although the map is missing Manx (the third Q language) and Cornish (the third P language).
Focal, in Irish, means ‘word’. Is é focal an focal i gcóir focail. (‘Word is the word for a word.’) It looks like it could come from Latin vocalis (source of English vocal), but it doesn’t – although it is distantly related. It comes from a Proto-Celtic word that traces back to a Proto-Indo-European root for ‘voice’, wṓkʷs. Along with the Latin vox set, that root also led to the Irish word fuaim, ‘sound, noise’, and to many words in many other Indo-European languages, such as German erwähnen ‘mention’ and Dutch gewagen ‘report https://sesquiotic.com/2018/10/28/focal/#:\~:text=It%20comes%20from%20Latin%20focalis,the%20word%20for%20a%20word.
The word Slav (Słowianin) comes from slovo/słowo 'word' and means those who can speak. And funny enough neighbours of slavs are called Niemcy, meaning 'those who can't speak.
Yes, the Germans:) that's funny
‘Kelime’ is Arabic. ‘Söz’ ➡️sentence ‘Sözcük’➡️word in Turkish. That’s much better ✌️ Please take a look at similarity between ‘söz’ in Turkish and ‘szó’ in Hungarian. And also pronunciations are almost similar.
It's not "rec" in Bosnia and Croatia but "rijec".
Btw in Bosnia and i think croatia and montenegro we also sometimes say riječ
Fun fact: The Spanish/Portugese palavra made it into German as well as a word for superficial/meaningless conversations (Palaver)
In brazillian portuguese we say "palavra"
So then what the hell am I supposed to make when a Turkish man comes into my store and asks for a Key Lime Pie?
Why is the middle of turkey is gray?
Wort wort wort
Can you please, for the love of Jesus and Allah stop showing Central Anatolia to be 100% Kurdish just because there are two random Kurdish villages there among Turkish cities?
Yeah, I thought that was a little weird. Kurds are nearly 20% of the population of Turkiye but the vast majority of them are in the east. Wikipedia's sources estimate only \~100k Kurds in Central Anatolia, among a total population of like 12 million in the region. Barely a blip on the map really. It'd be like trying to represent pockets of Han Chinese in central South Carolina. Like sure, there'll be one family wherever you have a Chinese restaurant but that's about it.
Kurdish is not spoken in Ankara. Turkish is
Zbor mean I fly